1. BIOMOLECULES  MACROMOLECULES  made by polymerization-large compounds built by joining smaller ones together.  Smaller units are called monomers.  4 major molecules important to life.  Carbohydrates, lipids,nucleic acids and proteins.

2. BIO BUILDING BLOCKS

3. CARBOHYDRATES  1:2:1 RATIO  1 Carbon: 2 Hydrogen: 1 Oxygen  Main source of energy for living things  Animal cells store excess sugars as glycogen  Also has structural purpose for living things.  Plant cells have cell walls made of cellulose

4. CARBOHYDRATES

7. LIPIDS  Made of Carbon and Hydrogen.  NOT soluble in water  doesn’t mix with water  Used to store energy  Part of the cell membrane.  Saturated-Solid at room temperature. No double bonds  Unsaturated-liquid at room temperature. Double bonds between Carbons.

8. LIPIDS

9. LIPIDS - triglyceride

10. Phospholipids – cell membrane component Phospholipids: fatty acids bound to glycerol, a phosphate group replaces one fatty acid. Phosphate group is hydrophilic—”water loving head” “Water fearing tails” are fatty acid chains— hydrophobic

11. NUCLEIC ACIDS  Composed of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus.  Subunits are called nucleotides.  Store and transmit hereditary information.  Provide instructions for making proteins  Ex. DNA, RNA

12. NUCLEIC ACIDS RNA—ribose DNA—deoxyribose

13. NUCLEIC ACIDS - nucleotides

14. PROTEINS  Composed of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen, and Nitrogen.(*Sulfur)  Monomers are called amino acids  Control rate of reactions (enzymes)  Function in transport and formation of bone and muscle cells.  Folded shape is important in enzyme recognition process.

15. PROTEINS –amino acids