1. What type of food? Carbohydrates, protein, lipids?3 1 2 4 5 6 7

2. BIOMOLECULES MACROMOLECULES
made by polymerization-large compounds built by joining smaller ones together.
Smaller units (subunits) are called monomers.
4 major molecules important to life.
Carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids and proteins.

3. CARBOHYDRATES 1:2:1 RATIO Monomer (1 sugar) – Monosaccharide
1 Carbon: 2 Hydrogen: 1 Oxygen
Example: the sugar glucose - C6H12O6
Monomer (1 sugar) – Monosaccharide
Polymer (2+) - Polysaccharide
2 sugars - disaccharide
Main source of energy for living things
Also has structural purpose for living things.
Plant cells have cell walls made of cellulose
Animal cells store excess sugars as glycogen

4. Carbohydrate
Polymer
Monomer
(subunit)

5. LIPIDS Made of Carbon and Hydrogen NOT soluble in water (hydrophobic)
doesn’t mix with water
Used to store energy, and as chemical messengers (hormones, steroids), and structure of cells
Three Types of Lipids
Steroids – ex: hormones, cholesterol
Part of the cell membrane (phospholipids).
Fats: made up of fatty acids
Saturated-Solid at room temperature.
No double bonds
Unsaturated-liquid at room temperature.
Double bonds between Carbons.

6. Lipid
Cell walls

7. NUCLEIC ACIDS
Composed of Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Carbon and Phosphorus.
Subunits (monomers) are called nucleotides.
Store and transmit hereditary information.
Ex. DNA , RNA

8. Nucleotide – Nucleic Acid
Polymer
Monomer

9. PROTEINS Composed of Nitrogen, Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen.
Polymers are known as Polypeptides.
Monomers are called amino acids
Control rate of reactions
Function in transport and formation of bone and muscle cells.
Ex: Hemoglobin, Insulin, Enzymes
Folded shape is important in enzyme recognition process.

10. Proteins
Monomers
Polymers