1. Plant Tissues and Organs Annuals Biennials Perennials Dicots Monocots Cotyledon Root system Shoot system SIMPLE TISSUES Meristems Apical meristems Primary growth Cambia—lateral meristems Secondary growth Woody plants Vascular cambium Cork cambium

3. Simple Tissues Parenchyma Photosynthesis, storage, transport, healing, production of new plant parts. Palisades and spongy parenchyma Collenchyma— support cell—cigar shaped. (celery) Sclerenchyma Walls contain lignin— elastic and strong.

4. Tissue Systems Dermal tissue system (epidermis) Cuticle Functions Guard cells Stomates Periderm or bark Vascular Tissue System Xylem and phloem Xylem—made of tracheids and vessel members—dead cells Perforated Secondary xylem forms wood Growth rings transpiration

8. Tissue Systems Phloem Sieve tube members Companion cells Phloem loading

9. Plant Organs Stem Primary stem tissues Secondary stem tissues Pith Pith-parenchyma Cortex Dicot vs. monocot

13. Roots Tap root system Fibrous Root System Root hairs Adventitious roots Root cap Apical meristem Endodermis Casparian strip

14. Leaves Blade Petiole Simple leaf Compound leaf Leaflet Mesophyll Palisade parenchyma Spongy parenchyma Venation Parallel veins Net veins