1. Macromolecules

2. How to build a polymer  dehydration synthesis  joins monomers by “taking” H 2 O out  requires energy & enzymes Structure and function of polymers are derived from the way their monomers are assembled [4.A.1.a]

3. How to break down a polymer  Hydrolysis  use H 2 O to break apart monomers  ex: digestion

4. Carbohydrates  Carbohydrates are composed of C, H, O carbo - hydr - ate (CH 2 O) x Function: Monomer: Examples:

5. Numbered carbons C CC C C C 1' 2'3' 4' 5' 6' O

6. Building sugars  Dehydration synthesis builds sugars [4.A.1.a.4]

7. Simple & complex sugars SUGARFORMEXAMPLE

8. Polysaccharides  Function:  energy storage  starch (plants)  glycogen (animals)  building materials = structure  cellulose (plants)  chitin (arthropods & fungi)

9. Polysaccharides

10. Cellulose The nature of carbohydrate bonds determines their orientation and thus the structure [4.A.1.b.3]

11. Lipids Function: Structure: Examples:

12. Phospholipids  Hydrophobic or hydrophilic?  fatty acid tails = hydrophobic  PO 4 = hydrophilic head