1. A Quick Glance of Muslim Contributions

2. Astronomy Astrolabes were commonly used to locate the city of Mecca Wanted to learn more about the universe Realized the Earth rotated on an axis Began to question that the earth was the center of the universe

3. Baghdad Abbasid Capital “ A City with no equal in the world” Cross road of trade routes 100,000 architects, workers and craftsman built the city over four years

4. Calligraphy Round letters and cursive writing, in which the script flows and letters within words are connected Art of beautiful handwriting Used as writing worthy in the Quran Used in the decoration of everyday items

5. Chess Invented in India Persians introduced the game to the Muslim world in the mid 600s Chess spread throughout the Muslim lands and introduced this game of wits to Europe

6. Geography and Navigation Realized that the world was round Divided the world into different time zones Calculated the circumference of the Earth within 9 miles Enhanced the accuracy of maps for trade Adapted and perfected the compass and astrolabe

7. Geometric and Floral Design Arabesque art used the beauty from the natural world such as stems, leaves, flowers Artists used geometric shapes in their designs Circles, triangles, squares and hexagons had special meanings

8. Irrigation and wells Made the most out of scarce resources Restored old irrigations systems and built new ones Built dams, aqueducts, and underground wells Used water wheels

9. Bookmaking and Literature Learned the Art of bookmaking from the Chinese Bookmaking became an art form Illuminated bindings and pages with designs in gold along with paintings Encouraged the growth of Muslim literature of rich storytelling and poetry Literature

10. Mathematics Advanced the study of Math Based their work on ideas from India and Greece Al-Khwarizmi father of algebra in 9 th century Arabic numerals Spred the Indian concept of zero

11. Medicine Enhanced knowledge from the Greeks, Egyptians and Mesopotamians Established the first hospitals Discovered infections were caused by bacteria Studied smallpox and measles Created the first medical texts

12. Mosques Muslim house of worship Created distinctive form of architecture Many design styles and materials went into building mosques reflecting diversity of Muslim lands Expressed the faith and artistic heritage of the their builders

13. Music Central part of culture Zirab talented Musician and singer Established the first music conservatory in Cordoba Spain Musicians and poets worked together to create songs of love, nature and glory of the Empire

14. Polo Learned from the Persians Became popular among the wealthy Adapted and refined the game

15. Scholarship and learning Highly valued Arabic became the language of scholarship and science Rulers built schools, colleges, libraries and other centers of learning Scholars studied the works of the great philosophers Plato and Aristotle

16. textiles Great manufactures of cloths and textiles Brought artistry to clothing Weavers wove wool, linen, silk and cotton into cloth Clothing displayed ranking and served as a status symbol

17. Zoology Books were written describing the structure of animals bodies Developed how to make medicines from animals Established zoological gardens or zoos where exotic animals were displayed

18. Did you miss anything? How does quick recap compare to your notes?