2. Plot Pattern The sequence of events in a story Parts: Exposition Rising Action Climax Resolution

3. Exposition Introduces some of the characters in the story Establishes the setting (when & where) of the story

4. Plot Pattern (graphic display) Exposition (establish setting and characters)

5. Rising Action A series of complications that lead to the highest point of “action” Characters are more fully developed, or not, based on their involvement in the complications The main conflict unfolds ( ____ vs. ____ )

6. Plot Pattern (graphic display) Exposition (establish setting and characters) Rising Action (Complications)

7. Climax The highest point of “action” in the story The conflict is resolved: win/win, win/lose, or lose/lose

8. Plot Pattern (graphic display) Exposition (establish setting and characters) Rising Action (Complications) Climax (Conflict Solved)

9. Resolution The ending of the story Sometimes answers questions & wraps up loose ends, but can do just the opposite by further confusing the situation or presenting another complication

10. Plot Pattern (graphic display) Exposition (establish setting and characters) Rising Action (Complications) Climax (Conflict Solved) Resolution (Ending)

11. Characters Main (only one) Minor (few or many) Full (developed with details) Flat (few details/info) CAN BE EITHER…

12. Literary Devices

13. Foreshadowing Hints or clues of what is to come later in the story

14. Irony A word or phrase that means the exact opposite of its normal or expected meaning Dramatic Irony – when the reader/audience sees a character’s mistakes or misunderstandings, but the character does not Verbal Irony – when the writer or character says one thing but unknowingly means another (not sarcasm) Situational Irony – when there is a great difference between the purpose of a particular action and the result

15. Moral / Aphorism Moral = the particular value or lesson the author is trying to get across to the reader Aphorism = a short statement expressing a general truth or principle Ex: “The rotten apple spoils his companions.” Benjamin Franklin

16. Figure of Speech An interesting or creative comparison used to create a special effect or feeling

17. Antithesis Using opposite ideas to emphasize a point Example: “It was the best of times, it was the worst of times.”

18. Exaggeration An overstatement or stretching of the truth to emphasize a point Example: “I’m so hungry, I could eat a horse.”

19. Understatement Using language that is more calm then the situation calls for; to minimize a thing or situation; the opposite of exaggeration Example: “I’m having a bad day.” (action genre)

20. Simile A comparison between two things using the words like or as Example: “Brian runs like a deer.”

21. Metaphor A comparison between two things in which the two things are said to be the same thing; no use of the words like or as Example: “Brian is a deer.”

22. Personification A nonhuman thing is given human characteristics; the thing is like a person Example: “The stubborn rock refused to budge.”

23. Dialogue Use quotation marks to indicate that a character is speaking. Use a comma to separate the narration and the quote. The dialogue can be at the beginning, in the middle, or at the end of the sentence. Example: 1. “I have the answer,” remarked Jillian. 2. Jillian remarked, “I have the answer.” 3. “I have,” remarked Jillian, “the answer.” Start a new paragraph every time a different character speaks.