1. Chapters 15 & 16

2. If you could live anywhere on earth, where would you want to live and why? What determines the different zones or areas on earth? Climate Climate – long term pattern of weather conditions in a region Is determined by: a.Temperature b.Amount of precipitation

3. Land Biomes 6 Major Land Biomes

4. Biome Average Temperature Range Average Precipitation Major Animal Major Plantlife Tropical Rain Forest Consistent warmth Abundant Birds, small reptiles, frog, insects Lush forests Grasslands Hot summers, cold winters Dry summers, snowy winters Rabbits, rodents, bison, anteolope, insects Grasses Desert Hot!!Always HOT!! Snakes, insects, nocturnal animals Cacti Temperate Deciduous Forest Warm summers, cold winters Rainy, snowy seasons Deer, squirrel, birds, bear Deciduous trees like oaks Taiga Short, warm summers and long cold winters Wet spring and snowy winters Moose Conifers like pines and spruce Tundra Freezing winters with basically no summer Very little "A frozen desert" Polar bear, arctic fox, lemmings Short needled low brush and moss

5. Tropical Rain Forest

6. Grasslands

7. Desert

8. Temperate Deciduous Forest

9. Taiga

10. Tundra

11. Name that biome!! 1.Cold and very little precipitation 2.Plenty of rainfall and evenly hot 3.Very little rainfall and hot days 4.4 seasons with moderate precipitation and temperatures 5.Cooler temps with long winters and plenty of precipitation 6.Hot summers, cool winters and not a lot of precipitation TUNDRA TROPICAL RAIN FOREST DESERT TEMPERATE DECIDIOUS FOREST TAIGA GRASSLANDS

12. 7. Contains many broadleaf trees like oaks and maples 8.Has basically conifer trees like pines, spruces and fir trees 9.A canopy of plants are all over & it is difficult to get through 10.Bring on the ice sleighs!! 11.Don’t forget your sunscreen here 12.Most of Canada TEMPERATE DECIDIOUS FOREST TAIGA TROPICAL RAIN FOREST TUNDRA DESERT TAIGA

13. Climatograms – Shows Temperature and Precipitation Grasslands Tropical Rain Forest Desert Tundra

14. Temperate Deciduous Forest Taiga

15. Ocean Zones Intertidal Intertidal – Area between high and low tides Neritic Neritic – Intertidal zone to continental shelf Photic Photic – Area where light can penetrate down into Benthic Benthic – Continental shelf to abyss Abyssal Abyssal – > 2000 meters deep and dark!!

17. Estuaries Where freshwater river and salt water mix. – San Francisco – Chesapeake – Everglades of Florida – Great species diversity and productivity.

18. Contains numerous phytoplankton and zooplankton to feed the fish and crustaceans

19. What is the difference between a renewable and nonrenewable resouces? 1.Renewable resource – Can replenish itself Light – Solar power Light – Solar power Wind – Wind turbines Wind – Wind turbines Water – Hydroelectric power Water – Hydroelectric power 2.Nonrenewable resource – Used up faster than they are formed. Use 77 million barrels/day of goil Oil Oil Coal Coal Natural gas & gas Natural gas & gas Fish Fish Animals Animals Plants Plants

20. How do humans influence the abiotic factors in an ecosystem?

21. Pollution Any undesirable factor that is added to the air, soil, or water – Smog Air pollution caused by light interacting with fossil fuel emissions Causes less light to penetrate therefore less photosynthesis Asthma problems

22. Acid Rain Type of precipitation produced when pollutants in the water cycle cause the rain pH to drop below normal levels (5.6) Caused by factories releasing Sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) and Nitrous oxide (NO x ) Rain falls down at pH’s of as low as 4 Nitric acid and sulfuric acid Acid rain pours down and destroys plants and structures

24. Ozone Depletion Ozone (O 3 ) The Ozone (O 3 ) layer protects earth from solar radiation CFC’s have broken down parts of the ozone layer

25. Greenhouse Effect Examine the graph showing global temperature and CO 2 in the atmosphere. What trend do you notice? As the amount of CO2 increased, global temp increased also. What is your prediction for the future?

26. What causes the Greenhouse Effect? Some of the sun’s heat is absorbed by atmospheric gases such as CO 2, CH 4 and H 2 O Raises earth’s overall temperature – Global warming

27. What happens if chemicals like DDT, mercury or PCB’s are dumped into water? The toxins mentioned are fat soluble so they remain in the cell’s cell membrane. – The producers absorb and store the toxin – Primary consumers eat the producers and take in the toxin – As you go up in the food chain, more and more of the toxin ends up in the upper levels of the food chain Biomagnification

28. Biomagnification