1. Chapter 5: Mental and Emotional Problems Lesson 1—Dealing with Anxiety and Depression

2. Objectives: 1. Understanding anxiety and depression. 1. Understanding anxiety and depression. 2. Recognize warning signs for depression 2. Recognize warning signs for depression 3. Understanding the causes and effects of depression 3. Understanding the causes and effects of depression 4. Getting help for depression 4. Getting help for depression

3. Anxiety v. Depression Anxiety—the condition of feeling uneasy or worried about what may happen Anxiety—the condition of feeling uneasy or worried about what may happen Depression—a prolonged feeling of helplessness, hopelessness, and sadness Depression—a prolonged feeling of helplessness, hopelessness, and sadness 15% of teens will display some signs of depression 15% of teens will display some signs of depression Most common mental health concern among teens Most common mental health concern among teens   QUESTION : What things in life cause you anxiety?

4. Warning Signs of Depression Persistent sad or irritable mood Persistent sad or irritable mood Loss of interest in activities once enjoyed Loss of interest in activities once enjoyed Significant change in appetite or body weight Significant change in appetite or body weight Difficulty sleeping or oversleeping Difficulty sleeping or oversleeping Physical signs of nervousness Physical signs of nervousness Loss of energy Loss of energy Feelings of worthlessness or inappropriate guilt Feelings of worthlessness or inappropriate guilt Difficulty concentrating Difficulty concentrating Recurrent thoughts of death or suicide Recurrent thoughts of death or suicide

5. Causes and Effects of Depression Changes in thinking— Changes in thinking— People who are depressed may have trouble concentrating and making decisions. They may have self-destructive thoughts People who are depressed may have trouble concentrating and making decisions. They may have self-destructive thoughts Changes in feelings— Changes in feelings— People who are depressed may experience apathy—lack of strong feeling, interest, or concern. They may not feel pleasure in things they once enjoyed. They may be sad, or irritable and angry. People who are depressed may experience apathy—lack of strong feeling, interest, or concern. They may not feel pleasure in things they once enjoyed. They may be sad, or irritable and angry. Changes in behavior— Changes in behavior— People with depression may become emotional, and they may begin eating too little or too much. They person may have trouble sleeping and may seem tired. The person may also neglect basic hygiene and withdraw from social situations. People with depression may become emotional, and they may begin eating too little or too much. They person may have trouble sleeping and may seem tired. The person may also neglect basic hygiene and withdraw from social situations.

6. Causes & Effects of Depression Depression can be caused by physical, psychological, social/environmental, or genetic. Depression can be caused by physical, psychological, social/environmental, or genetic. Physically: caused by a medical condition or illness. Physically: caused by a medical condition or illness. Psychological: surviving a traumatic life event. Psychological: surviving a traumatic life event. Social/environmental: living in poverty. Social/environmental: living in poverty. Genetic: family history of depression. Genetic: family history of depression.

7. Getting Help for Anxiety and Depression  Talk to supportive people  Get more physically active  Consider volunteering When Anxiety and Depression persist…  How to identify appropriate community resources providing information on mental health and suicide prevention  Watch for changes in mood, sleep and energy levels  Talk to a parent, other trusted adult, and seek help from a counselor, social worker or other health care professional.  What is going through your head…. negative messages and thoughts?  http://abcnews.go.com/Health/video/detecting-teen-depression- teenager-sad-mental-health-help-symptoms-warning-signs-11636122 http://abcnews.go.com/Health/video/detecting-teen-depression- teenager-sad-mental-health-help-symptoms-warning-signs-11636122http://abcnews.go.com/Health/video/detecting-teen-depression- teenager-sad-mental-health-help-symptoms-warning-signs-11636122

8. Chapter 5: Mental and Emotional Problems Lesson 2—Mental Disorders

9. Mental Disorders Objective 1: Name the different types of mental disorders. Objective 1: Name the different types of mental disorders. Objective 2: Identify situations requiring professional mental health services. Objective 2: Identify situations requiring professional mental health services.

10. Types of Mental Disorders Anxiety Disorders Anxiety Disorders Impulse Control Disorders Impulse Control Disorders Eating Disorders Eating Disorders Mood Disorders Mood Disorders Conduct Disorders Conduct Disorders Schizophrenia Schizophrenia Personality Disorders Personality Disorders

11. Understanding Mental Disorder Mental Disorder: An illness of the mind that can affect the thoughts, feelings and behaviors of a person, preventing a person from leading a happy, healthful, and productive life. Mental Disorder: An illness of the mind that can affect the thoughts, feelings and behaviors of a person, preventing a person from leading a happy, healthful, and productive life. Stigma: Is a mark of shame or disapproval that results in an individual being shunned or rejected by others. Stigma: Is a mark of shame or disapproval that results in an individual being shunned or rejected by others. Mental disorders are medical conditions, and require diagnosis and treatment just like any physical illness or injury. Mental disorders are medical conditions, and require diagnosis and treatment just like any physical illness or injury. Many time, mental & emotional problems cannot be solved without professional help Many time, mental & emotional problems cannot be solved without professional help

12. Mental Disorders Anxiety Disorder: Are disorders in which real or imagined fears prevent a person from enjoying life Anxiety Disorder: Are disorders in which real or imagined fears prevent a person from enjoying life

13. Five types of anxiety disorders Phobia: When a person goes to extreme measures to avoid a fear and reacts in a way that limits normal functioning. Phobia: When a person goes to extreme measures to avoid a fear and reacts in a way that limits normal functioning. Ex. Arachnophobia: fear of spiders Ex. Arachnophobia: fear of spiders Ex. Acrophobia: fear of being in high places Ex. Acrophobia: fear of being in high places Ex. Claustrophobia: fear of being in small, closed spaces. Ex. Claustrophobia: fear of being in small, closed spaces. Dr. OZ phobia video. Part 1: http://www.doctoroz.com/videos/overcome-your-phobias-pt-1 Part 1: http://www.doctoroz.com/videos/overcome-your-phobias-pt-1 http://www.doctoroz.com/videos/overcome-your-phobias-pt-1 http://www.doctoroz.com/videos/overcome-your-phobias-pt-1 Part 2 : http://www.doctoroz.com/videos/overcome-your-phobias-pt-2 Part 2 : http://www.doctoroz.com/videos/overcome-your-phobias-pt-2http://www.doctoroz.com/videos/overcome-your-phobias-pt-2

14. Types of anxiety disorders Obsessive-compulsive: A person who has an uncontrollable need to perform repetitive acts. Ex. Wash their hands every 2 minutes Ex. Make sure door is locked every 30 minutes Video: Howie Mandel Talks About Living With OCD h h tttt tttt pppp :::: //// //// wwww wwww wwww.... yyyy oooo uuuu tttt uuuu bbbb eeee.... cccc oooo mmmm //// wwww aaaa tttt cccc hhhh ???? vvvv ==== dddd SSSS ZZZZ NNNN nnnn zzzz 9999 SSSS MMMM 4444 gggg

15. Types of anxiety disorders Panic Disorder: has sudden, unexplained feelings of terror. They are accompanied by symptoms such as trembling, a pounding heart, shortness of breath, or dizziness. This is a condition in which fear and anxiety get in the way of a persons ability to function and enjoy life. They may be triggered by a particular object, condition, or situation

16. Post traumatic stress disorder: A condition in which a person who has experienced a traumatic event feels severe and long-lasting aftereffects. Ex. War vets Ex. Rape survivors Ex. Tornado Video: War vet & his therapy hhhh tttt tttt pppp :::: //// //// wwww wwww wwww.... yyyy oooo uuuu tttt uuuu bbbb eeee.... cccc oooo mmmm //// wwww aaaa tttt cccc hhhh ???? vvvv ==== LLLL MMMM ____ nnnn wwww 5555 NNNN 3333 nnnn ---- IIII

17. Generalized anxiety disorder: Exaggerated worry and tension for no reason. People with this disorder startle easily and have difficulty concentrating, relaxing, and sleeping. Generalized anxiety disorder: Exaggerated worry and tension for no reason. People with this disorder startle easily and have difficulty concentrating, relaxing, and sleeping. Video clip: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NGSQZrI DmIs Video clip: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NGSQZrI DmIs http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NGSQZrI DmIs http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NGSQZrI DmIs

18. Impulse Control Disorders Impulse Control Disorder: People cannot resist the urge to hurt themselves or others. They may also cause financial harm by overspending and gambling. Impulse Control Disorder: People cannot resist the urge to hurt themselves or others. They may also cause financial harm by overspending and gambling. Examples Examples 1. Kleptomania: unplanned theft of objects 2. Cutting: Repetitive cutting parts of the body that can be hidden 3. Excessive Gambling: Can’t stop gambling 4. Compulsive Shopping: Buying things they can’t afford and don’t need.

19. Somatoform Disorders Somatoform disorders: Describes a condition in which a person complains of disease symptoms, but no physical symptoms can be found. Somatoform disorders: Describes a condition in which a person complains of disease symptoms, but no physical symptoms can be found. Hypochondria: A preoccupation with the body and fear of presumed disease. Hypochondria: A preoccupation with the body and fear of presumed disease. Ex. Cancer Ex. Cancer Ex. Heart attack Ex. Heart attack

20. Hypochondria Video: Seinfeld Video: Seinfeld Part 1: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8WSuRvfwvBc http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8WSuRvfwvBc Part 2: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Z_ROZCSOFE http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Z_ROZCSOFE Video: Scrubs Video: Scrubs http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V-Jr7ewKHY4

21. Mood Disorders Mood disorders: Is an illness that involves mood extremes that interfere with everyday living. Mood disorders: Is an illness that involves mood extremes that interfere with everyday living.

22. Mood Disorders Clinical depression: If feelings of sadness or hopelessness last for more than a few weeks and interfere with daily activities and interests. Clinical depression: If feelings of sadness or hopelessness last for more than a few weeks and interfere with daily activities and interests. Bipolar: (Manic-Depressive) Is marked by extreme mood changes, energy levels, and behaviors. Bipolar: (Manic-Depressive) Is marked by extreme mood changes, energy levels, and behaviors.

23. Conduct Disorders A pattern of behavior in which the rights of others or basic social rules are violated. A pattern of behavior in which the rights of others or basic social rules are violated. Examples: Stealing, cruelty, lying, aggression, violence, truancy, arson, and vandalism. Examples: Stealing, cruelty, lying, aggression, violence, truancy, arson, and vandalism.

24. Schizophrenia A condition of losing touch with reality accompanied by reduced ability to function. They gradually lose the ability to distinguish fantasy from reality. This illness tends to run in families. Causes may be a combination of genetic factors and chemical and structural changes in the brain. EX. The movie Trailer: “A Beautiful Mind” hhhh tttt tttt pppp :::: //// //// wwww wwww wwww.... yyyy oooo uuuu tttt uuuu bbbb eeee.... cccc oooo mmmm //// wwww aaaa tttt cccc hhhh ???? vvvv ==== aaaa SSSS ____ dddd 0000 AAAA yyyy jjjj wwww 4444 ooooVideo: Inside the World of Childhood Schizophrenia https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kb-6IzGAI1I

25. Personality Disorders Antisocial: A person’s constant conflict with society. They may display behavior that is cruel, impulsive and violent. In many cases are unable to show remorse for their behavior. Antisocial: A person’s constant conflict with society. They may display behavior that is cruel, impulsive and violent. In many cases are unable to show remorse for their behavior. Passive-aggressive: A person is often uncooperative with others. They don’t like being told what to do, but show anger indirectly. Example: If they don’t want to take part in an activity, they may not show up or they may show up late and leave early. Passive-aggressive: A person is often uncooperative with others. They don’t like being told what to do, but show anger indirectly. Example: If they don’t want to take part in an activity, they may not show up or they may show up late and leave early.

26. Health Care Services for Mental Health 1. Psychiatrist: Deals with mental, emotional and behavioral disorders of the mind. -Therapies: treatment techniques 2. Neurologist: A physician who specializes in organic disorders of the brain and nervous system 3. Clinical Psychologist: Professional who provides guidance and treatment for clients with emotional problems, usually in the setting of a mental hospital, mental health clinic, or family service agency

27. Practice Quiz Name the mental disorder. 1. Every 2 weeks Shirley complains of having a particular disease/ailment but doctors can not find anything wrong with her. 2. When Billy was younger, lightning struck a tree he was standing next to. Now, whenever a thunderstorm approaches, he get very anxious and scared and runs to the basement shaking. 3. Beth is in an extremely good mood. She came to class skipping through the doorway and giving everyone hugs (even people who she doesn’t know). Later in the class period, she asks the teacher a question and a couple of kids roll their eyes at her. Her mood drastically shift and she begins crying and keeps calling herself stupid. 15 minutes later she doesn’t say a word the rest of class. 4. Nick is on crutches and has to go to the 4 th floor for his doctors appointment. He looks at the elevator and begins to sweat. He tells his family he is going to crutch up 4 flights of stairs because he refuses to ride in the elevator. 5. Mr. Pagani hands his class a worksheet and tells them to complete the worksheet as they watch the video. Martha does not like being told what to do and decides to sleep during the video. After class, when Mr. Pagani talks to her, she said she is tired from doing homework last night.

28. Practice Quiz Answers to the mental disorders 1. Hypochondria 2. Post traumatic stress disorder 3. Manic-depressive: (AKA bi polar) 4. Phobia 5. Passive-aggressive

29. Chapter 5: Mental and Emotional Problems Lesson 3—Suicide Prevention

30. Suicide Prevention and Getting Help Objective 1: Identify the common risk factors. Objective 1: Identify the common risk factors. Objective 2: List the warning signs of suicide Objective 2: List the warning signs of suicide Objective 3: Determine strategies to prevent suicides and strategies for coping with depression. Objective 3: Determine strategies to prevent suicides and strategies for coping with depression. Objective 4: Describe ways you can help Objective 4: Describe ways you can help

31. Facts & Myths on Suicide 1. People who talk about suicide don’t commit suicide 2. Suicide happens without warning 3. Suicidal people are fully intent on dying 4. Once a person is suicidal, they are suicidal forever 5. Improvement following a suicidal crisis means that a suicide risk is over 6. Every person who commits suicide is mentally ill. 7. Suicide is more common among the lower socio- economic groups 8. Suicide is caused by one very traumatic loss in the victims life. 9. There is nothing you can do to stop a suicide.

32. Suicide 3 rd leading cause of death for teens ages 15-19. 3 rd leading cause of death for teens ages 15-19. Each year, 17% of all teens in this age group will consider suicide. Each year, 17% of all teens in this age group will consider suicide. More than half of that 17% will attempt it. More than half of that 17% will attempt it. Suicide Risk Factors More than 90% of those who commit suicide are suffering from depression or another mental disorder, or have a history of abusing alcohol or other drugs. More than 90% of those who commit suicide are suffering from depression or another mental disorder, or have a history of abusing alcohol or other drugs.

33. Suicide Statistics According to the American foundation for Suicide Prevention; in 2010 there were 38,364 suicides. That’s one suicide every 13.7 minutes. According to the American foundation for Suicide Prevention; in 2010 there were 38,364 suicides. That’s one suicide every 13.7 minutes.

34. Suicide Risk Factors (pg. 230) 90% of the people who kill themselves are suffering from depression, or another mental disorder, or abusing alcohol or drugs. 90% of the people who kill themselves are suffering from depression, or another mental disorder, or abusing alcohol or drugs. Some people use alcohol or other drugs to relieve their depression. These have a depressant effect making self-destructive behavior more likely. Some people use alcohol or other drugs to relieve their depression. These have a depressant effect making self-destructive behavior more likely. video, “Cyberbulling Suicide” http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HYWXeUAM6ws video, “Cyberbulling Suicide” http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HYWXeUAM6ws http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HYWXeUAM6ws

35. How Can You Help Your Friends? Initiate a meaningful conversation Initiate a meaningful conversation Show interest, compassion, patience and understanding. Show interest, compassion, patience and understanding. Show support and ask questions Show support and ask questions Remind the person that all problems have solutions, and that suicide is NOT the answer. Remind the person that all problems have solutions, and that suicide is NOT the answer. Try to persuade the person to seek help Try to persuade the person to seek help Encourage the person to talk with a parent, counselor, or trusted adult. Encourage the person to talk with a parent, counselor, or trusted adult.

36. The vast majority of those who attempt suicide do not want to die; they are suffering and are making a plea for help!

37. Did you know? Four males commit suicide to every 1 female, and represent 79.4% of all U.S suicides. Four males commit suicide to every 1 female, and represent 79.4% of all U.S suicides. Firearms are the most commonly used method of suicide among males (57.6%) Firearms are the most commonly used method of suicide among males (57.6%) Females attempt suicide 2-3 times as often as males do Females attempt suicide 2-3 times as often as males do Poisoning is the most common method of suicide for females (39.1%) Poisoning is the most common method of suicide for females (39.1%)

38. Recognizing the verbal warning signs Direct statements (I want to die, I don’t want to live anymore, I wish I were dead) Direct statements (I want to die, I don’t want to live anymore, I wish I were dead) Indirect statements (I won’t have to put up with this much longer, they’ll be sorry when I’m gone, I can’t take it anymore) Indirect statements (I won’t have to put up with this much longer, they’ll be sorry when I’m gone, I can’t take it anymore) Writing poems, songs, or diary entries that deal with death Writing poems, songs, or diary entries that deal with death Suicide threats or insinuations Suicide threats or insinuations

39. Recognizing the nonverbal or behavioral signs An unusual obsession with death An unusual obsession with death Withdrawal from friends Withdrawal from friends Giving away personal belongings Giving away personal belongings Deterioration in schoolwork or recreational activities. Deterioration in schoolwork or recreational activities. Dramatic changes in personality, hygiene, or appearance. Dramatic changes in personality, hygiene, or appearance. Substance abuse Substance abuse

40. How You Can Help Show empathy when talking with the person. This will let the person know that you are concerned. Show empathy when talking with the person. This will let the person know that you are concerned. 1. Initiate a meaningful conversation: Show interest, compassion, patience, and understanding. 2. Show support and ask questions: 3. Try to persuade the person to seek help: Offer to go with if needed. Tell an adult even if they say they are going to talk to someone later.

41. Getting Help Knowing when to get help! Knowing when to get help! You feel trapped or you worry all the time You feel trapped or you worry all the time Your feelings affect your sleep, eating habits or school work Your feelings affect your sleep, eating habits or school work Your friends and family express concern Your friends and family express concern You are becoming involved with alcohol and drugs You are becoming involved with alcohol and drugs You are becoming increasingly aggressive, violent or reckless You are becoming increasingly aggressive, violent or reckless

42. Chapter 5: Mental and Emotional Problems Lesson 4—Getting Help

43. Objectives Identifying when teens should seek help Identifying when teens should seek help Know how to overcome the stumbling blocks for getting help Know how to overcome the stumbling blocks for getting help Where to go in the community to receive help Where to go in the community to receive help Describe the different mental health professionals Describe the different mental health professionals

44. When To Get Help Teens should seek help if they experience any of the following: Teens should seek help if they experience any of the following: Feeling trapped or worrying all the time Feeling trapped or worrying all the time Feelings that affect sleep, eating habits, schoolwork, job performance, or relationships Feelings that affect sleep, eating habits, schoolwork, job performance, or relationships Becoming involved with alcohol or other drugs Becoming involved with alcohol or other drugs Becoming increasingly aggressive, violent, or reckless Becoming increasingly aggressive, violent, or reckless

45. When Help is Needed More than ½ of suicide youths had symptoms of a mental disorder for more than a year prior to their deaths. More than ½ of suicide youths had symptoms of a mental disorder for more than a year prior to their deaths. Teens should seek help if they experience any of the following! Teens should seek help if they experience any of the following! You feel trapped or you worry all the time You feel trapped or you worry all the time Your feelings affect your sleep, eating habits or school work Your feelings affect your sleep, eating habits or school work Your friends and family express concern Your friends and family express concern You are becoming involved with alcohol and drugs You are becoming involved with alcohol and drugs You are becoming increasingly aggressive, violent or reckless You are becoming increasingly aggressive, violent or reckless

46. Overcoming the Stumbling Blocks When asking for help, remember these facts: When asking for help, remember these facts: Asking for help is a sign of inner strength. It shows responsibility for one’s own wellness. Asking for help is a sign of inner strength. It shows responsibility for one’s own wellness. Serious disorders, compulsions, and addictions are complex and require professional intervention. Serious disorders, compulsions, and addictions are complex and require professional intervention. Sharing your thoughts with an objective, helpful individual can be a great relief. Sharing your thoughts with an objective, helpful individual can be a great relief. Financial help to pay for care may be available. Financial help to pay for care may be available.

47. Where to go for Help? Question: Where can you go for help? Question: Where can you go for help? 1. Trusted Adult a) Parent b) Relative c) Teacher 2. School Counselor 3. Social Worker 4. Crisis Hotline

48. Mental Health Professionals Counselor: A professional who handles personal and educational matters Counselor: A professional who handles personal and educational matters School psychologist: A professional who specializes in the assessment of learning, emotional, and behavioral problems. School psychologist: A professional who specializes in the assessment of learning, emotional, and behavioral problems. Psychiatrist: A physician (doctor) who diagnoses and treats mental disorders and can prescribe medications. Psychiatrist: A physician (doctor) who diagnoses and treats mental disorders and can prescribe medications. Clinical psychologist: a professional who diagnoses and treats emotional and behavioral disorders with counseling. Clinical psychologist: a professional who diagnoses and treats emotional and behavioral disorders with counseling. Neurologist: A physician who specializes in physical disorders of the brain and nervous system. Neurologist: A physician who specializes in physical disorders of the brain and nervous system.

49. Treatment Methods Psychotherapy Psychotherapy Dialogue between a patient and mental health professional Dialogue between a patient and mental health professional Behavior therapy Behavior therapy Focuses on changing unwanted behaviors through rewards and reinforcements Focuses on changing unwanted behaviors through rewards and reinforcements Cognitive therapy Cognitive therapy Designed to identify and correct distorted thinking patterns Designed to identify and correct distorted thinking patterns Family therapy Family therapy Focuses on helping the family function in more positive and constructive ways by exploring patterns in communication and providing support and education Focuses on helping the family function in more positive and constructive ways by exploring patterns in communication and providing support and education Group therapy Group therapy Treating a group of people who have similar problems Treating a group of people who have similar problems Drug therapy Drug therapy The use of certain medications to treat or reduce the symptoms of a mental disorder The use of certain medications to treat or reduce the symptoms of a mental disorder