1. CELLS Structure & Function Review

2. Which kind of cell is the largest? animal cell plant cell Bacteria Plant cells are the biggest What do we call membranes that allow certain molecules to pass through but not others? Selectively permeable OR semi-permeable

3. Which kind of cell is the smallest? animal cell plant cell Bacteria Bacterial cells are the smallest Which molecule found in cell membranes helps cells “recognize self” ? glycoproteins

4. Cell membranes are made of these 2 main kinds of molecules. Phospholipids & proteins Which cell organelles burn glucose and store energy as ATP? mitochondria

5. Phospholipids form bilayers in cell membranes because their hydrophobic _______ are trying to stay away from water. tails Name a cell part with a DOUBLE MEMBRANE around it Nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts

6. What is the dark spot in the nucleus called? nucleolus What do we call DNA that is TIGHTLY PACKED in DIVIDING CELLS? chromosomes

7. What is the gel-like material and organelles called inside the cell membrane? cytoplasm What do we call DNA that is SPREAD OUT in NON-DIVIDING CELLS? chromatin

8. What are the folded membranes inside mitochondria called? cristae Which organelle looks like a “stack of pancakes”? GOLGI body

9. Tell what this molecule does “self” identification Tell what this molecule does Store and transfer energy http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/Michael.Gregory/files/Bio%20101/Bio%20101%20Lectures/Membranes/membrane.htm

10. Which part of a phospholipid is HYDROPHILIC? head tails Heads are hydrophilic TRUE or FALSE ALL CELLS have a cell membrane TRUE, plant, animal, and bacterial cells all have a CELL membrane

11. Which part of a phospholipid is HYDROPHOBIC? head tails Tails are hydrophobic TRUE or FALSE ALL CELLS have a nuclear membrane FALSE; only plant and animal cells (eukaryotes) have a NUCLEAR membrane. NOT bacteria (prokaryotes)

12. Tell which part does it? Burns glucose & stores energy as ATP __________________ Controls what enters or leaves the cell _________________ Sort & package substances for transport out of cell _________________ Makes ribosomes ______________________ Control center of cell ___________________ Mitochondria Cell membrane Golgi bodies nucleolus nucleus

13. Name this organelle Mitochondria What does it do? Powerplant of cell; Burn glucose and store energy as ATP

14. Name this molecule found in cell membranes phospholipid http://biology.clc.uc.edu/courses/bio104/cells.htm

15. Name this molecule found in cell membranes centrioles Name this cell part Pull chromosomes apart http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif71/4a.asp

16. _________ ER does NOT have ribosomes attached Smooth Organelle in a plant or animal cell that contains the cell’s genetic material. nucleus

17. The blue part of this phospholipid molecule stays inside the membrane away from water because it is ______________. hydrophilic hydrophobic hydrophobic

18. Cell suicide for the good of the organism is called ____________ APOPTOSIS Cells that have a nuclear membrane and membranes around their organelles are called ________________ eukaryotes

19. Name the sacs found inside chloroplasts that contain the molecules for photosynthesis thylakoids Centrioles are only found in ________ cells plant animal bacteria ANIMAL

20. Name this part. Tell what it does? Make lipids/steroids; Regulate calcium; Break down toxins Smooth ER

21. Name this cell organelle Golgi body Tell what it does Sort and package molecules for transport out of cell http://vilenski.org/science/safari/cellstructure/golgi.htm

22. Tell which part does it? Pulls chromosomes apart _________________ Power plant ___________________ Surrounds the DNA & controls what enters/leaves nucleus____________________ Supports and protects bacterial cells ___________________ Make proteins _______________________ centrioles Mitochondria Nuclear membrane Cell wall ribosomes

23. What’s the function? Mitochondria ____________________ Ribosomes ___________________ Cell wall __________________ Golgi bodies ____________________ Centrioles ________________ Smooth ER ___________________ Power plant;burn glucose; make ATP Make proteins support; protection Package molecules for export Pull chromosomes apart Make steroids; regulate calcium; Break down toxins in liver

24. What’s the function? Rough ER ____________________ nucleus ___________________ cell membrane ____________________ chloroplast ________________ vacuole ___________________ nucleolus ________________________ Highway in cell Contains DNA; control center Controls what enters/leaves cell photosynthesis Stores water, food, molecules, waste Make ribosomes

25. Tell which part does it? Burns glucose ____________________ Controls what enters or leaves the cell ___________________ Pulls chromosomes during cell division __________________ Digests unwanted substances or cell parts _______________ Makes proteins ______________________ Contains DNA ___________________ Mitochondria Cell membrane Centrioles Lysosomes Ribosomes Nucleus

26. Name this molecule found in cell membranes glycoprotein Name this molecule ATP http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/Michael.Gregory/files/Bio%20101/Bio%20101%20Lectures/Membranes/membrane.htm Image by Riedell RIBOSE

27. Tell which part does it? Makes lipids/steroids for membranes ____________________ Stores energy as ATP _________________ Transports proteins made on its ribosomes _________________ Regulates calcium levels in muscle cells ________________ Supports and protects plant cells ___________________ smooth ER Mitochondria ROUGH ER Smooth ER Cell wall

28. Endoplasmic reticulum with ribosomes attached is called _________ ER. rough Membrane bound sac that contains digestive enzymes. lysosome

29. A plant cell is a ______________. prokaryote eukaryote eukaryote These organelles helps with APOPTOSIS and are also called “suicide sacs” lysosomes

30. Cells that DO NOT have a nuclear membrane OR membranes around their organelles are called ________________ PROKARYOTES Name the cell part that makes this molecule Mitochondria make ATP RIBOSE

31. Put the following cells in order of decreasing size: Bacterium Plant cell Animal cell _________  ________  _________ small smaller smallest Plant Animal Bacterium

32. True or False Bacteria don’t have ribosomes. False; Yes, they do Ribosomes aren’t made of membranes True or False Plant cells don’t have centrioles True; at least we can’t see them

33. Name the process by which your fingers and toes formed from paddle-like structures and your tail disappeared? apoptosis http://www.mgm.ufl.edu/images/bharfe/image3.jpg http://www.nurseminerva.co.uk/tail_bud.htm

34. Bacteria are ______________ prokaryotes eukaryotes prokaryotes This storage space is a ___________. vacuole http://library.thinkquest.org/3564/Cells/cell93.gif

35. An animal cell is a ____________. prokaryote eukaryote eukaryote Name the molecule that makes plant cell walls sturdy cellulose

36. Name the storage space that is larger in plants than animals. vacuole Name the molecule that provides the energy for cell activities ATP

37. Name the molecule found in Bacterial cell walls that makes them different from plants peptidoglycan Thylakoid stacks would be seen inside _____________________ Mitochondria Golgi bodies chloroplasts chloroplasts

38. Cells that need a lot of energy probably have a lot of ______________ Golgi bodies Smooth ER mitochondria centrioles mitochondria Endoplasmic reticulum without ribosomes attached is called _____________________ Smooth ER

39. Tell one way plant cells and animal cells are alike? Both: are eukaryotes have a nuclear membrane have membrane bound organelles have a cell membrane have DNA in multiple chromosomes

40. Tell one way plant cells and bacterial cells are alike? Both: have a cell wall have a cell membrane have DNA have a cytoskeleton have ribosomes

41. Tell one way animal cells and bacterial cells are alike? Both: have a cell membrane have DNA have a cytoskeleton have ribosomes

42. Tell one way plant cells are different from animal cells? PLANTSANIMALS Have cell wallNO cell wall Have chloroplastsNo chloroplasts no centrioleshave centrioles Big vacuole small vacuole

43. Tell one way plant cells are different from bacteria cells? PLANTSBacteria Eukaryotesprokaryotes Have chloroplastsNo chloroplasts Cellulose peptidoglycan in cell wall Big vacuole no vacuole nucleusno nucleus Membrane bound organellesNo membrane bound organelles

44. Tell one way animal cells are different from bacteria cells? AnimalBacteria Eukaryotesprokaryotes No cell wall cell wall vacuole no vacuole nucleusno nucleus Membrane bound organellesNo membrane bound organelles Centriolesno centrioles