1. CELLS Structure & Function Review

2. What is the function of the cell membrane? Controls what enters or leaves cell;

3. This storage space is a ___________. vacuole http://library.thinkquest.org/3564/Cells/cell93.gif

4. Bacteria are ______________ prokaryotes eukaryotes prokaryotes

5. Tell the 3 of the parts of the cell theory. *All living things are made of cells. *Cells are the basic units of structure & function in an organism * Cells are produced from existing cells. Group Question

6. Small structure in a cell that performs a specific function organelle

7. Name the Cell PEOPLE German zoologist who concluded all animals are made of cells _______________________ Theodor Schwann

8. English scientist who 1 st saw “little boxes” in cork and called them cells ___________________ Robert Hooke

9. Tell which part does it? 1. Burns glucose ____________________ 2. Controls what enters or leaves the cell ___________________ 3. Pulls chromosomes during cell division __________________ 4. Digests unwanted substances or cell parts _______________ 5. Makes proteins ______________________ 6. Contains DNA___________________ Mitochondria Cell membrane Centrioles Lysosomes Ribosomes Nucleus Group Question

10. Name the Cell PEOPLE American biologist who provided evidence for the Endosymbiotic theory ___________________ Lynn Margulis

11. German physician who saw dividing cells and reasoned that cells come from existing cells. ___________________ Rudolph Virchow

12. Name the Cell PEOPLE Botanist who concluded that ALL PLANTS are made of cells ______________________________ Matthias Schleiden

13. This organelle is the ____________ Rough ER http://www.biology4kids.com/files/cell_er.html

14. Name the molecule that provides the energy for cell activities ATP

15. prokaryotes Name the organelle that acts as the cell’s control center. nucleus

16. An animal cell is a ____________. prokaryote eukaryote eukaryote

17. Cells that have a cell membrane but NOT a nuclear membrane are ________________ prokaryotes

18. Name the dark spot in the nucleus of a cell where ribosomes are made. nucleolus.

19. Proteins are made on the __________ in a cell. ribosomes

20. Name the organelle which is called the “power plant” of the cell because it provides energy mitochondrion

21. Group Question What’s the Function? 1.Mitochondria ____________________ 2. Ribosomes ___________________ 3. Cell wall __________________ 4.Golgi bodies ____________________ 5.Centrioles ________________ Smooth ER ___________________ burn glucose; make ATP Make proteins support; protection Package molecules for storage or export` Pull chromosomes apart during cell division Make lipids; regulate calcium in muscle cells; Break down toxins in liver

22. Name an organelle besides the nucleus that has DNA Mitochondria OR chloroplasts

23. Cell organelles that burn glucose and store energy as ATP. mitochondria

24. Name this part. http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/A/AnimalCells.html GOLGI BODY

25. Name an organelle besides the nucleus that has a double membrane Mitochondria OR chloroplasts

26. According to the Endosymbiotic theory, which organelle probably evolved from photosynthesizing bacteria that were incorporated into early prokaryotic cells? chloroplasts

27. Tell which part does it? 1. Makes lipids for membranes ____________________ 2. Stores energy as ATP __________________ 3. Modifies & transports proteins made on its ribosomes ____________________ 4. Supports and protects plant cells ___________________ smooth ER Mitochondria Rough ER Cell wall Group Question

28. A plant cell is a ______________. prokaryote eukaryote eukaryote

29. This organelle contains the molecules for photosynthesis. chloroplast

30. Group Question What part does this function? 1.Makes ATP ____________________ 2.Controls what enters or leaves the nucleus _________________ 3.Help cell move __________________ 4.Modify, sort, & package substances for transport _________________ 5.Makes ribosomes _____________________ 6. Control center of cell _________________ Mitochondria nuclear envelope Cilia or flagella Golgi bodies nucleolus Nucleus

31. Organelle in a plant or animal cell that contains the cell’s genetic material. nucleus

32. A Cell membrane B C D E What organelle is letter A?

33. Name an organelle that assists with movement DOUBLE POINTS Cilia OR flagella OR CYTOSKELETON

34. _________ ER does NOT have ribosomes attached smooth

35. Give 2 kinds of evidence that support the Endosymbiotic theory. Mitochondria and chloroplasts: - have circular DNA like bacteria - divide using binary fission like bacteria - divide separate from the cell - have molecules in their inner membranes like bacteria - have ribosomes like bacteria Group Question

36. A B C D E Rough ER What organelle is letter B?

37. What’s the function? 1.rough ER ____________________ 2.nucleus ___________________ 3.cell membrane ____________________ 4.chloroplast ________________ 5.vacuole ___________________ 6.nucleolus ________________________ modify/transport proteins Contain DNA; control center Control what enters/leaves cell photosynthesis Stores water, food, molecules, waste Make RNA for ribosomes Group Question

38. What is the function of the Rough ER? Modify and transport molecules made by its ribosomes This organelle is a _____________ Golgi Body http://vilenski.org/science/safari/cellstructure/golgi.htm

39. This structure is a __________ flagellum

40. Membrane bound sac that contains digestive enzymes. lysosome

41. The _______________ is made of microfilaments and microtubules and helps the cell to maintain its shape. cytoskeleton Double Points

42. Endoplasmic reticulum with ribosomes attached is called _________ ER. rough

43. This organelle makes ATP. mitochondrion

44. Pancake-like stack of membranes that modify, sort, &package substances for transport. Golgi body

45. What is the job of the ribosomes? Make proteins

46. A B C D E Golgi Body What organelle is letter D?

47. A B C D E nucleus What organelle is letter C?

48. Name the storage space that is larger in plants than animals. vacuole

49. A B C D E Mitochondrion What organelle is letter E?

50. Cell membranes are made of these 2 main kinds of molecules. Phospholipids & proteins Name another kind of molecule that could also be found in an animal cell membrane Steroids (lipids) OR glycoproteins

51. Membranes that allow certain molecules to pass through and not others are said to be ___________________ permeable Selectively OR semi-

52. In what kind of cell would you expect to see chromatin? dividing non-dividing Non-dividing Thylakoid stacks would be seen inside _____________________ Mitochondria Golgi bodies chloroplasts chloroplasts

53. Name an organelle that is made of microtubules Cytoskeleton, cilia, flagella, OR centrioles A membrane protein with carbohydrates attached to its surface that functions in cell identification is called a ____________________ glycoprotein

54. Tell which part does it? Contains genetic info __________________ Give cell shape/support ____________ Few, long structures for locomotion __________________ Provide more surface area inside mitochondria _________________ Place for photosynthesis __________________ Large storage space ___________________ nucleus cytoskeleton flagella cristae chloroplast vacuole

55. Name this part. http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/A/AnimalCells.html According to the Endosymbiotic theory, which organelle probably evolved from aerobic bacteria that were incorporated into early prokaryotic cells? mitochondria Smooth ER

56. The yellow part of this phospholipid molecule stays on the outside of the bilayer next to the water environment because it is ______________. polar nonpolar polar

57. Name a cell part that has this 9 + 2 arrangement of microtubules Cilia OR flagella

58. Tell which part does it? Breaks down toxins ____________________ Power plant ___________________ Scrunched up DNA __________________ Allows molecules in & out of nucleus ____________________ Sacs inside chloroplasts ________________ Supports and protects bacterial cells ___________________ smooth ER Mitochondria chromosomes Nuclear pores thylakoids Cell wall

59. The folded inner membrane in the mitochondria which help to increase the surface area for chemical reactions is called the _______________. cristae Ribosomes are made of __________ & __________ Protein RNA

60. Which of these proteins is a peripheral protein? B; sticks on the surface of the membrane http://www.tqnyc.org/NYC040844/animalcells.htm

61. Name the sacs found inside chloroplasts that contain the molecules for photosynthesis thylakoids Name the folded membranes found inside mitochondria cristae

62. Which of these proteins is an integral protein? A; sticks INto the membrane http://www.tqnyc.org/NYC040844/animalcells.htm

63. The many short structures on the top of this cell are __________ cilia Cells that have a nuclear membrane are called ________________ eukaryotes

64. The organelle that regulates calcium in muscle cells, makes lipids for membranes, and breaks down toxins in liver cells is the ____________________ Smooth ER The cytoskeleton is made of ______________ & ______________ Microfilaments microtubules

65. The blue part of this phospholipid molecule stays inside the membrane away from water because it is ______________. polar nonpolar Non polar

66. Tell what this molecule does “self” identification Tell what this molecule does Store and transfer energy http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/Michael.Gregory/files/Bio%20101/Bio%20101%20Lectures/Membranes/membrane.htm

67. Put in order of increasing size: Organ cell organ system organism tissue _______  _________  _________  _____________  ______________ cell tissue organ organ system organism

68. Name a cell part that would use this molecule It is an amino acid; ribosomes use it to make proteins Name the cell part that makes this molecule mitochondria

69. Put the following cells in order of decreasing size: Bacterium Plant cell Animal cell _________  ________  _________ small smaller smallest Plant Animal Bacterium

70. True or False Bacteria don’t have a CELL membrane. FALSE; All cells have a cell membrane on the outside Name one of the functions of Smooth ER Make lipids for membranes, Transports proteins, regulate calcium levels, Break down toxic substances

71. Name an organelle besides the cell nucleus that has its OWN DNA Mitochondria OR chloroplasts A group of cells that work together to carry out a specific function are called a _______________ tissue

72. Name this molecule found in cell membranes phospholipid Name this cell part centriole http://biology.clc.uc.edu/courses/bio104/cells.htm http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif71/4a.asp

73. Name this molecule found in cell membranes glycoprotein Name this molecule ATP http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/Michael.Gregory/files/Bio%20101/Bio%20101%20Lectures/Membranes/membrane.htm Image by Riedell

74. True or False Bacteria don’t have ribosomes. False; Yes, they do Ribosomes aren’t made of membranes True or False Plant cells don’t have centrioles True; at least we can’t see them

75. Name an organelle besides the cell nucleus that is surrounded by a DOUBLE membrane Mitochondria OR chloroplasts A group of organs that work together to carry out a specific function are called an _______________ Organ system

76. Programmed cell death or “cell suicide” for the good of the organism Apoptosis

77. Name the process by which your fingers and toes formed from paddle-like structures and your tail disappeared? apoptosis http://www.mgm.ufl.edu/images/bharfe/image3.jpg http://www.nurseminerva.co.uk/tail_bud.htm

78. Centrioles are only seen in __________________________ cells. Dividing animal

79. Cells that need a lot of energy probably have a lot of ______________ Golgi bodies Smooth ER mitochondria centrioles mitochondria Endoplasmic reticulum without ribosomes attached is called _____________________ Smooth ER

80. A membrane that lets certain molecules pass through and not others is called _______________ Semi permeable OR selectively permeable http://www.d.umn.edu/~sdowning/Membranes/membraneImages/jpegimages/diffusionmedium.jpg

81. The ___________ is the basic unit of life. cell What do ribosomes make? proteins

82. Tell one way plant cells and animal cells are alike? Both: are eukaryotes have a nuclear membrane have membrane bound organelles have a cell membrane have DNA in multiple chromosomes

83. Tell one way plant cells and bacterial cells are alike? Both: have a cell wall have a cell membrane have DNA have a cytoskeleton have ribosomes

84. Tell one way animal cells and bacterial cells are alike? Both: have a cell membrane have DNA have a cytoskeleton have ribosomes

85. Tell one way plant cells are different from animal cells? PLANTSANIMALS Have cell wallNO cell wall Have chloroplastsNo chloroplasts no centrioleshave centrioles Big vacuole small vacuole

86. Tell one way plant cells are different from bacteria cells? PLANTSBacteria Eukaryotesprokaryotes Have chloroplastsNo chloroplasts Cellulose peptidoglycan in cell wall Big vacuole no vacuole nucleusno nucleus Membrane bound organellesNo membrane bound organelles

87. Tell one way animal cells are different from bacteria cells? AnimalBacteria Eukaryotesprokaryotes No cell wall cell wall vacuole no vacuole nucleusno nucleus Membrane bound organellesNo membrane bound organelles Centriolesno centrioles