1. Chapter 3 Personality Gender, Self-esteem & Peer Groups Ms. Meade Health 10

2. Adolescence Beginning of puberty to full maturity Beginning of puberty to full maturity Puberty: person becomes fully capable of reproduction. Puberty: person becomes fully capable of reproduction. Nature is in a hurry to complete the final details of rapid growth and change Nature is in a hurry to complete the final details of rapid growth and change Boys experience intense growth spurt by age 12 or 13. Boys experience intense growth spurt by age 12 or 13. Girls peak with their growth around age 12. Girls peak with their growth around age 12. Hormonal Change: huge, effects every organ, esp. the brain; can result in mood changes Hormonal Change: huge, effects every organ, esp. the brain; can result in mood changes This is an awkward stage with growth and maturation and hormonal change. This is an awkward stage with growth and maturation and hormonal change. Also social relationship changes; teens develop new ways of relating with peers Also social relationship changes; teens develop new ways of relating with peers Physical maturation doesn’t mean the end of growth and change. Mental/emotional/spiritual growth and change continue for life. Physical maturation doesn’t mean the end of growth and change. Mental/emotional/spiritual growth and change continue for life.

3. Terms Personality: how people see the total you Personality: how people see the total you Self-image: characteristics that a person sees in himself or herself. Self-image: characteristics that a person sees in himself or herself. Value: worth, level of importance Value: worth, level of importance Self-Esteem: the value a person attaches to his or her self-image. Self-Esteem: the value a person attaches to his or her self-image.

4. Self-esteem Did you know…People with high self- esteem find it easier to deal with mistakes and disappointments and are more likely to stick with goals. Did you know…People with high self- esteem find it easier to deal with mistakes and disappointments and are more likely to stick with goals. Cherish your positives and accept your flaws; knowing yourself means you are more emotionally healthy giving you higher self-efficacy and self-esteem Cherish your positives and accept your flaws; knowing yourself means you are more emotionally healthy giving you higher self-efficacy and self-esteem

5. Factors that benefit your Self- image? Friends who value and respect you Friends who value and respect you Regular physical activity Regular physical activity Being involved Being involved Positive Self-talk Positive Self-talk When positive ideas replace self-defeating messages; give yourself power to be. When positive ideas replace self-defeating messages; give yourself power to be. Body image: way a person thinks his or her body looks Body image: way a person thinks his or her body looks Teens mature at different rates; don’t compare your body’s to others Teens mature at different rates; don’t compare your body’s to others

6. Self-Acceptance Appreciate your own uniqueness Appreciate your own uniqueness You are special and unique; worthwhile and valuable therefore it is impossible to make comparisons to other because you are your own person. You are special and unique; worthwhile and valuable therefore it is impossible to make comparisons to other because you are your own person. Celebrate what makes you you and your strengths Celebrate what makes you you and your strengths Value who you are, not just what you do or what you accomplish; if you develop high self-esteem, accomplishments will follow Value who you are, not just what you do or what you accomplish; if you develop high self-esteem, accomplishments will follow Money, awards, grades, mistakes do not define the worth of a person. Money, awards, grades, mistakes do not define the worth of a person. Don’t define yourself by deeds because if you fail, you’ll think you’re a failure. Don’t define yourself by deeds because if you fail, you’ll think you’re a failure. Mistakes/failures is what you did, not what and who you are. Mistakes/failures is what you did, not what and who you are.

7. Gender Your personality is affected by your gender Gender: the classification of being male or female Gender: the classification of being male or female Your gender helps mold your behaviors and self-image. Your gender helps mold your behaviors and self-image. Gender Roles: roles assigned by society to people of each gender Gender Roles: roles assigned by society to people of each gender Gender Identity: that part of a person’s self-image that is determined by the person’s gender. Gender Identity: that part of a person’s self-image that is determined by the person’s gender. Stereotypes: fixed pictures of how everyone in a group is thought to be Stereotypes: fixed pictures of how everyone in a group is thought to be Stereotypes do not recognize anyone’s individuality; may harm individual development Stereotypes do not recognize anyone’s individuality; may harm individual development No one is treated fairly when allowed only a limited space in which to grow toward personhood No one is treated fairly when allowed only a limited space in which to grow toward personhood

8. Gender Roles Society’s expectations of gender roles is powerful in molding these roles Society’s expectations of gender roles is powerful in molding these roles Baby-toddler-teen (masculine/feminine) Baby-toddler-teen (masculine/feminine) Accepting society’s gender roles is not always easy or even desirable. Accepting society’s gender roles is not always easy or even desirable. People are individuals. Roles that fit one person perfectly may not fit another. People are individuals. Roles that fit one person perfectly may not fit another. If everyone accepted these roles without questions, societies would never change If everyone accepted these roles without questions, societies would never change Stereotypes…Masculine/Feminine Personality traits Stereotypes…Masculine/Feminine Personality traits

9. Peer Groups: groups of friends similar to yourself in age and stage of life. Bridge gap between dependent state of childhood and independent state of full adulthood. Bridge gap between dependent state of childhood and independent state of full adulthood. Peer groups can give you a sense of belonging and a support system, therefore having a positive influence. Peer groups can give you a sense of belonging and a support system, therefore having a positive influence. However, can be negative if the group pressures you to engage in harmful activities However, can be negative if the group pressures you to engage in harmful activities Peer Pressure: the internal pressure one feels to behave as a peer group does, in order to gain its members’ approval Peer Pressure: the internal pressure one feels to behave as a peer group does, in order to gain its members’ approval Cliques: peer groups that reject newcomers and judges people harshly Cliques: peer groups that reject newcomers and judges people harshly Teens sometimes ignore values just to fit in with a group Teens sometimes ignore values just to fit in with a group

10. Peers Provide clues to each individual identity Provide clues to each individual identity Help you learn to interact Help you learn to interact Peer groups help lessen teens’ natural fears; teens have extreme feelings, which is natural; peer group provide shelter/support systems Peer groups help lessen teens’ natural fears; teens have extreme feelings, which is natural; peer group provide shelter/support systems Parents remain primary influence in lives of many teens Parents remain primary influence in lives of many teens You get your values from parents that matter You get your values from parents that matter Peers give values like taste and style Peers give values like taste and style You will blend both You will blend both

11. Peer Groups A teen’s need to develop an identity and to belong to a group is strong, therefore they can be led astray by groups that are not beneficial A teen’s need to develop an identity and to belong to a group is strong, therefore they can be led astray by groups that are not beneficial Deviant group: Group outside the normal system Deviant group: Group outside the normal system Gangs: their rules are often in opposition to the rules of society. Gangs: their rules are often in opposition to the rules of society. Cults: feel intense admiration for a particular person or principle. Cults: feel intense admiration for a particular person or principle.