1. How does information get out of Long- term memory (LTM)? Factors influencing retrieval from LTM –Proactive and retroactive interference –Methods of testing –Retrieval cues Who generates the cues for recall? Specificity of encoding and of processing State-dependent memory Some practical memory strategies

2. Attention Encoding Sensory Memory Working Memory Sensory Input.5” - 3” duration Maintenance Rehearsal 10” - 15” duration LTM Indefinite duration Retrieval Three-Stores Model of Memory LTM Indefinite duration Retrieval

3. Learn Material Test for Recall of Material Learn Material Test for Recall of Material Retroactive Interference? Proactive Interference?

4. 20 40 60 80 100 0 % of syllables recalled 14325678 Demonstrating retroactive interference Hours from time of learning

5. The Stroop Effect Instruction: Identify only the actual colours of the words (Don’t read the words themselves!) (Gleitman, ch. 8, p. 291)

6. Methods of testing recall:

7. Value of self-generated retrieval cues 20 40 60 80 100 0 123 Number of cues provided for retrieval % of words recalled

8. Specificity of Encoding:

9. Specificity of Processing Modality 20 40 60 80 100 0 meaningsound Type of cue provided during retrieval % of words recalled

10. State-dependent memory 20 40 60 80 100 0 placebomarijuana Condition during retrieval % of words recalled