1. Type 1, Type 2 and Prevention
Diabetes
Type 1, Type 2 and Prevention

3. Overview
Metabolic disorder of the pancreas and cells in the pancreas called beta cells.
Beta cells make insulin
Insulin helps the body use food as energy

4. Diabetes Overview Continued
When a person eats, the body breaks down food into glucose (a form of sugar). Glucose enters the blood stream to fuel the cells. Insulin acts a “key” to open cells for glucose.
A person with diabetes has a problem making and/or using insulin
glucose builds up in the bloodstream while the cells go “hungry”
Over time, high blood glucose (sugar) can make people very sick.

5. Complications of Diabetes Uncontrolled diabetes can be tragic
Eye disease
Kidney disease
Vascular disease
Increased risk of stroke, high blood pressure and heart disease
Nerve damage
Increased stress due to rigorous monitoring of sugar levels, diet and medications that can adversely affect quality of life.

6. Type 1 Diabetes not preventable
Known as juvenile-onset diabetes, or insulin-dependent diabetes
autoimmune disease where the body’s own immune system slowly destroys the cells in the pancreas that produce insulin.
must take insulin injections.

7. Type 1 Diabetes in Youth
The risk of a child developing type 1 is higher than any other childhood disease.
Can occur at any age, but most commonly at ages
Higher in Caucasians than other ethnic groups

8. Causes of Type II

9. Type 2 Diabetes
In Type 2, insulin does not work effectively, therefore, the cells are unable to use glucose properly.
Accounts for 95% of the cases in the USA.
Usually found in people over 40 and overweight.
Have a family history of type 2 diabetes.
HOWEVER – the disease has been diagnosed in children as young as 4 and is up 50% in children.
80% of youth are overweight at the time of diagnosis.
Type 2 is preventable to a large extent with diet and exercise.

10. Diabetes Statistics 7th leading cause of death in the United States
costs the U.S.A. $132 billion a year
estimated that 1/3 of diabetics do not know they have it
Type 2 is especially common in certain ethnic groups (Hispanics, African Americans and Native Americans) where it affects up to 26% of certain populations.

12. Living with Diabetes
Support – like any other disease or special circumstance, diabetics need support, their families need support and the school needs to know how to be supportive.
Education – American Diabetes Assoc., school classes, research projects – what else can you think of to become educated on diabetes? List several with the class.
Empathy/Sympathy – put yourself in the shoes of the person living with diabetes, their family, friends etc…