1. AP Human Geography Week #5 Fall 2015

2. AP Human Geography 10/5/15 http://mrmilewski.com OBJECTIVE: Examine population growth. APHugII-B.1&2 Language Objective: Write about population. I. Journal#10pt.A -Watch the following: -Hans Rosling and the magic washing machineHans Rosling and the magic washing machine II. Journal#10pt.B -notes on population growth III. Homework: Read p.50-57

3. In 1798 he published An Essay on the Principle of Population Malthus was the first to sound the alarm that the world’s population was expanding more rapidly than food production. He was the first to recognize exponential or geometric population growth. Today those who share his concerns are Neo- Malthusians Rev. Thomas Malthus 1766-1834

4. Second Agricultural Revolution and Industrial Revolution 18 th century gains in agricultural production: –Crop yields improved with better farming methods –New crops such as potatoes, turnips and alfalfa –Storage and distribution improved which alleviated famines and shortages. Industrial Revolution was also a factor: –Improved sanitation –Improved medical care –Disease prevention such as smallpox vaccine

5. Demographic cycles of population growth –Stage 1 High Stationary Growth with high birth rates 40/1000 or higher and high death rates. –Stage 2 Early Expanding with high birth rates and declining death rates (birth 40s/death 20/1000) = rapid growth in pop. –Stage 3 Late Expanding with declining birth rates (30s) and low death rates (10) = still significant growth –Stage 4 Low Stationary has low birth rates and low death rates (birth 15 and death 10 or lower) SPL Stationary Population Level

6. The Demographic Transition

7. Population Data Before 1750 Death rates were 35 and Birth rates were 39 per 1,000 a rate of increase of.4% or a doubling time of 150 years. By 1850 Death rates were 16 and Birth rates were 36 with a rate of increase of 2% and a doubling time of 35 years.

8. Important terms Natural increase rate (NIR)-the % by which a population grows in a year. Computed by subtracting the % of CBR-CDR. Total Fertility Rate (TFR)-the number of children born to women of childbearing age-usually reported as a percentage. Dependency ratio-the number of people who are too young or too old to work compared to the number of people old enough to work.

9. Crude Death Rates

10. Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 2.1 to 2.5 children per woman is considered “replacement level.”

12. Maternal mortality ratio is the greatest health disparity between the developed and developing countries. The World Health Organization reports that 600,000 women die each year from complications of pregnancy. Social, cultural and economic barriers prevent women in the developing countries from receiving proper health care.

13. Homework Tonight Read p.50-57

14. AP Human Geography 10/6/15 http://mrmilewski.com OBJECTIVE: Examine population pyramids. APHugII-B.3 Language objective: Write about population pyramids. I. Journal#11pt.A -Watch the following -Hans Rosling: The good news of the decade?Hans Rosling: The good news of the decade? II. Journal#11pt.B -notes on population growth Homework: Read p.57-62 NOTICE: Chapter#2 Test Monday October 12 th

15. Population Pyramids – Charts that show the percentages of each age group in the total population, divided by gender. For poorer countries, the chart is shaped like a pyramid. Infant mortality rates are high, life expectancy is shorter.

16. Population Pyramids- display a country’s population in a bar graph form. Each 5 year group with the youngest 0-4 years old at the base of the pyramid are called cohorts. Males are shown on the left side and females are shown on the right. A wide-based pyramid indicates a country in Stage 2 of the Demographic transition.

17. Population Pyramids Charts that show the percentages of each age group in the total population, divided by gender. For wealthier countries, the chart is shaped like a lopsided vase. Population is aging, TFRs are declining.

18. United States 2010 http://tfw.cachefly.net/snm/images/nm/pyramids/us-2010.png

19. Four Patterns of Population Structure Each nation faces different problems due to a large base with many young or negative growth.

20. U.S. Baby Boom http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/B/BabyBoom75.gif

21. Russia’s Population http://yanziyang.files.wordpress.com/2011/03/rs-2010.png

22. Russia’s Population http://www.stat.fi/tup/suomi90/joulukuu_en_001.jpg

23. In poorer countries, Infant Mortality Rates are usually high, which is reflected in the pyramid shape.

24. In poorer countries, Life Expectancy is usually shorter, which is also reflected in the pyramid shape.

25. Affect of AIDS on population pyramid for South Africa. Predicted population for 2035, without and with AIDS. With AIDS, looks like a population “chimney.”

26. AIDS is leaving large numbers of AIDS orphans.

27. 1995 Population Pyramids reflect the economic prosperity of Western Europe and the less developed countries of Sub-Saharan Africa. In the mid-1990s almost 50% of Africa’s population was under 15 years of age. By contrast the number of people 65 and older in Western Europe is 5 times that of sub-Saharan Africa.

28. Age Structure of a Population The populations of many countries are aging. - eg. Europe - eg. Japan Bordeaux, France

29. U.N. Millennium Goals http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/

30. Homework Tonight Read p.57-62 Begin Ch#2 Review

31. AP Human Geography 10/7/15 http://mrmilewski.com OBJECTIVE: Examine population policies. APHugII- B.2,3&5 Language objective: Write about population. I. Journal#12 pt.A -Watch the following: -Frontline: Opium BridesFrontline: Opium Brides II. Quiz#7 III. Journal#12 pt.B -notes on population policies Homework: Read p.63-70 NOTICE: Chapter#2 Test Monday October 12 th !

32. U.N. Millennium Goals http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/

33. Population Policies Under Mao, China refused to cooperate in pop. Control- viewed it as a “capitalist plot” Soviets in 1970s promoted population growth due to the loss of 26 million in WWII, Stalin exterminated another 30 million farmers, political opponents, etc.-gave awards for women with 10 or more kids. US Reagan, a conservative, refused to support family planning

34. Population Policies Expansive Policies or Pro- Natalist policies encourage large families e.g. Fascist Italy, Nazi Germany, Soviet Union & Ceausescu’s Romania & Mao’s China. Eugenic Population Policy-Nazi Germany favored “Aryans” over mentally ill or other undesirables. The Nazis tried to breed the super race of Nordic or Aryan types.

35. Population Policies Restrictive or Anti-Natalist Policies discourage births. Policies vary- e.g. despite Vatican policies, most Catholic Italians practice artificial birth control-Philippines (only Asian Catholic country) a different case-govt. restricts birth control. Some countries have learned that industrialization & urbanization do as much as government policy in controlling births.

36. Geography of Demography Mao Zedong encouraged population growth-after his death Deng Xiaoping called for control. 1979 launched the One Child Policy with goal of stabilizing at 1.2 billion by end of 20 th cent. 1970s growth rate 2.4% 1985 growth rate 1.1% After 1982 more serious enforcement-mandatory contraception after 1 st child. If a 2 nd child was born-parents were sterilized.

37. China’s One Child Policy What are some of the limitations, unintended consequences, and contradictions found in government policies toward population growth?

39. Geography of Demography Recognized minorities (3%) of pop. were exempt Many rural Chinese defied rule, hid pregnant women, failed to register births, prevented inspectors from visiting rural villages. Government took drastic action: –Violators were fired –Land was confiscated –Lost all benefits –Pregnant women were arrested & forced to have abortions

40. Geography of Demography First 6 years 70 million abortions 1980s about 20 million sterilizations a year-3X as many women as men. Party Members were birth control police-got cash and promotion for enforcing the laws. 1984 One Child Policy was relaxed in the countryside-a couple with a daughter-2 nd child after 4 years.

41. Geography of Demography Corruption a major problem- permitted to evade rule-bribe. Fertility rates are rising as the rules are relaxed. One Child Policy was practical- but rural tradition opposed the rule. Drive for Zero Population Growth eroded the traditions of Chinese society. Female infanticide a common occurrence. Bottom Chinese woman recently released from jail for having 2nd child

42. Homework Tonight Read p.63-70 Continue working on Ch#2 Review

43. AP Human Geography 10/8/15 http://mrmilewski.com OBJECTIVE: Continue examination of population policies. APHugII-B.5 Language Objective: Write about population policy. I. Journal#13 pt.A -Read the following: -What's Driving the Decline in U.S. Population growth?What's Driving the Decline in U.S. Population growth? II. Journal#13 pt.B -notes on population policies Homework: Finish reading Chapter#2 NOTICE: Chapter#2 Test Monday!

44. When Tests Are Out 1.) No Phones 2.) No Phones 3.) If your phone is out, you will get negative 100 points on the test!

45. Population Growth Rate 2013

47. Geography of Demography China’s One-Child Policy created a generation of 90 million 119 boys for every 100 girls 30 million unmarried men by 2020 45% of Chinese women said they don’t intend to wed. 3/10 families have grandparents living with them Biggest demographic revolution in history-Number of Elderly is rising-by 2050 about 30% of the population will be over 60-no pensions or social security.

48. Fun Facts Beijing also enforces a 1 dog per family rule-must be less than 14 inches tall. China’s only children will have to support two parents and perhaps 4 grandparents.

49. Population of Germany, 1989

50. Attendants or “pushers” on the Japan Train system. Despite having a declining population, Japan has a very high population density.

51. Japan has a problem of an aging population & low birth rates. Japanese govt. bars immigration of foreign workers-solution automation-but it won’t solve the problem of an aging population. Singapore imposed a campaign of sterilization & abortion to curb growth-it worked. Singapore skyline and harbor

53. Low Growth in Denmark Since the 1970s, with little population growth since then. Its population pyramid shows increasing numbers of elderly and few children.

55. Top 10 Leading Causes of Death in America - 2007 (2010) 1.) Heart Disease 616,067 (25.4%) 2.) Cancer 562,875 (23.2%) 3.) Stroke 135,952 (5.6%) 4.) Chronic Lower Respiratory Diseases (Lung Diseases) 127,924 (5.3%) 5.) Accidents 123,706 (5.1%) 6.) Alzheimer's Disease 74,632 (3.1%) 7.) Diabetes 71,382 (2.9%) 8.) Influenza and Pneumonia 52,717 (2.2%) 9.) Kidney Disease 46,448 (1.9 percent) 10.) Septicemia (infection of the blood) 34,828 (1.4 percent) http://www.howtolivealongerlife.com/2009/07/leading-causes-of-death-in-us.html

56. Population Pyramid of US Baby Boomers, 1960-2040 Pyramids can be based on current, past or future projections. Note the progression of the baby boomer cohorts as they age. Note that the pyramid becomes a column by the year 2040 as birth rates remain below death rates for each cohort. Note also the significant number of women compared to men in the oldest age groups

57. Homework Tonight Finish Reading Chapter#2. Study for Ch#2 Test on Monday October 12 th

58. AP Human Geography 10/9/15 http://mrmilewski.com OBJECTIVE: Complete examination of population policies. APHugII-A.3&4 C.1. Language Objective: Write about population. I. Watch the following: -Hans Rosling Brings Life, Humor, Sword-Swallowing to Global Health StatisticsHans Rosling Brings Life, Humor, Sword-Swallowing to Global Health Statistics II. Quiz#8 III. FRQ Day#4 - 2013#2 2013#2 Homework: Study for the Ch#2 Test NOTICE: Chapter#2 Test Monday!

59. Homework Tonight Complete Ch#2 Review. Study for Ch#2 Test on Monday October 6 th

60. AP Human Geography 10/3/14 http://mrmilewski.com OBJECTIVE: Review concepts in the second half of Chapter#2. APHugII-A,B,&C. Language Objective: Write about Pakistan. I. Administrative Stuff -Attendance. II. Quiz#8 III. Film: Frontline -Outlawed in PakistanOutlawed in Pakistan NOTICE: Chapter#2 Test Monday October 6th!

61. Homework Tonight Study for Ch#2 Test on Monday October 6 th