1. RELIGION IN AMERICA APUSH Exam Review!

2. EARLY COLONIAL (1600-1700) Massachusetts Bay Massachusetts Bay Puritans/Congregationalists Puritans/Congregationalists John Winthrop—”City Upon A Hill” sermon/philosophy John Winthrop—”City Upon A Hill” sermon/philosophy Covenant with God Covenant with God Communal living (town structured on common land) Communal living (town structured on common land) Strong work ethic—”Protestant” or “Puritan” work ethic Strong work ethic—”Protestant” or “Puritan” work ethic Halfway Covenant (1662) Halfway Covenant (1662) Changed the rules of Baptism to gain and promote interest in church Changed the rules of Baptism to gain and promote interest in church Salem Witch Trials (1692) Salem Witch Trials (1692)

3. EARLY COLONIAL (1600-1700) Massachusetts Bay Cont’d. Massachusetts Bay Cont’d. Roger Williams in Rhode Island (1636) Roger Williams in Rhode Island (1636) Wall of separation Wall of separation Free exercise of religion Free exercise of religion Anne Hutchinson Anne Hutchinson Belief in faith and grace Belief in faith and grace

4. EARLY COLONIAL (1600-1700) Quakers in Pennsylvania Quakers in Pennsylvania William Penn William Penn Religions freedom and civil liberties Religions freedom and civil liberties Fair and equal treatment of Natives Fair and equal treatment of Natives Catholics in Maryland Catholics in Maryland Lord Baltimore Lord Baltimore Act of Toleration (1649) Act of Toleration (1649)

5. EARLY COLONIAL (1600-1700) Anglican Church/Church of England Anglican Church/Church of England Established in royal and proprietary colonies Established in royal and proprietary colonies Eventually, Protestantism dominated colonies by 1700s Eventually, Protestantism dominated colonies by 1700s By 1700, women constituted majority of church membership. By 1700, women constituted majority of church membership.

6. FIRST GREAT AWAKENING, 1730S-1740S More on spirit and emotion rather than doctrine and procedure More on spirit and emotion rather than doctrine and procedure Response to Enlightenment of reason & science Response to Enlightenment of reason & science Deism-supreme being set natural world Deism-supreme being set natural world George Whitefield-Methodist George Whitefield-Methodist Evangelical preaching--emotion and spirit Evangelical preaching--emotion and spirit Jonathan Edwards—Congregationalist Jonathan Edwards—Congregationalist “Sinners in the Hands of An Angry God” “Sinners in the Hands of An Angry God”

7. FIRST GREAT AWAKENING, 1730S-1740S Development and Growth of Protestant Denominations Development and Growth of Protestant Denominations Baptists Baptists Convert whites and blacks/slaves in South Convert whites and blacks/slaves in South Methodists Methodists Convert whites and blacks/slaves in South Convert whites and blacks/slaves in South Presbyterians Presbyterians Convert frontier lands Convert frontier lands Loss of Membership Loss of Membership Congregationalists/Puritans Congregationalists/Puritans Quakers Quakers Anglicans Anglicans

8. REVOLUTIONARY ERA Independence became a righteous cause Independence became a righteous cause Splintered Anglican Church in America –Loyalist vs. Patriots Splintered Anglican Church in America –Loyalist vs. Patriots Episcopalians—Anglican Church in US Episcopalians—Anglican Church in US

9. CONSTITUTIONAL PERIOD Constitution established secular government Constitution established secular government Establishment Clause Establishment Clause Free Exercise clause Free Exercise clause No religious tests No religious tests

10. SECOND GREAT AWAKENING 1790-1840S Developed to revive religious dedication, convert non-Christians, and reform society and culture on moral grounds Developed to revive religious dedication, convert non-Christians, and reform society and culture on moral grounds Spearheaded by Baptists, Methodists, and Presbyterians through evangelicalism Spearheaded by Baptists, Methodists, and Presbyterians through evangelicalism Revivals (camp meetings) led to established churches in South, West, frontier Revivals (camp meetings) led to established churches in South, West, frontier “burned over district” in Western New York “burned over district” in Western New York Benevolent/Temperance Societies Benevolent/Temperance Societies Alcohol, drugs, prostitution, gambling are BAD Alcohol, drugs, prostitution, gambling are BAD American Temperance Society (1826) American Temperance Society (1826)

11. SECOND GREAT AWAKENING 1790-1840S Reform Societies Reform Societies Dorthea Dix Dorthea Dix Auburn System Auburn System Schools for deaf/blind Schools for deaf/blind Education Reform Education Reform Abolitionism Abolitionism Effects mostly seen in North Effects mostly seen in North

12. SECOND GREAT AWAKENING 1790-1840S Mormons/Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints (1830 Mormons/Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints (1830 Millennialism Millennialism Southern Baptists Southern Baptists Growth of black churches Growth of black churches Churches of Christ Churches of Christ Irish Immigration Irish Immigration Whig Party Whig Party

13. UTOPIAN COMMUNITIES Shakers Shakers Oneida Oneida New Harmony New Harmony Brook Farm Brook Farm

14. THIRD GREAT AWAKENING Social and moral activism in response to Gilded Age Social and moral activism in response to Gilded Age Social Gospel Social Gospel Temperance Movement Temperance Movement Social Darwinism Social Darwinism Immigration Immigration

15. FUNDAMENTALISM AND MODERNISM 1900- 1920S Fundamentalism Fundamentalism Modernism Modernism 18 th Amendment/Volstead 18 th Amendment/Volstead Scopes Trial Scopes Trial Rebellion to conservatism Rebellion to conservatism Religious conservatives Religious conservatives

16. CONSERVATISM IN 1950S AND LIBERALISM IN 1960S McCarthyism & Second Red Scare McCarthyism & Second Red Scare Increased education in 1950s Increased education in 1950s Southern Christian Leadership Conference Southern Christian Leadership Conference Engel v Vitale Engel v Vitale Counterculture Counterculture

17. RELIGIOUS RIGHT (1970S-PRESENT) Lemon v Kurtzman-Lemon Test Lemon v Kurtzman-Lemon Test Roe v Wade Roe v Wade Conservative Resurgence Conservative Resurgence