1. The Age of Expansion Day 2

2. Georgia at the Dawn of a New Century

3. Frontier Central & Western Parts of State = Undeveloped Trading Posts Few Homesteads Subject to Indian Attack Clearing Land for a Farm Was Hard Work Some One-Room SchoolsTownsVs. Newspapers = Augusta Herald & Gazette of the State of Georgia Theaters & Concerts Debating Societies Fancy Dress Balls Barbeques Camp Meetings

4. The Growth of Religion in Georgia Old Kiokee Baptist in Columbia County 1772 First Baptist Church in Savannah 1833

5. From the earliest days in Georgia, many denominations were welcomed and established: From the earliest days in Georgia, many denominations were welcomed and established: –Episcopalians –Presbyterians –Lutheran –Baptists –Jewish –Catholics (after1796) –Methodists Christ Episcopal Church in Savannah 1744

6. Revolutionary War practically destroyed organized religion in Georgia. Revolutionary War practically destroyed organized religion in Georgia. –Loyalist Anglican clergy left. –Ministers died –Many churches had been damaged or destroyed Patriotic Anglicans refused to recognize the King of England as the head of the church so they turned to the Methodist church. Patriotic Anglicans refused to recognize the King of England as the head of the church so they turned to the Methodist church.

7. In 1783, Lyman Hall asked citizens to rebuild their churches. In 1783, Lyman Hall asked citizens to rebuild their churches. A Protestant religious movement called the Great Revival swept the South. A Protestant religious movement called the Great Revival swept the South. This was marked by This was marked by –Camp meetings –Revivals

8. Methodist Camp Meeting

9. Shingleroof Campground, which is about 2 miles from Union Grove, was established by the Methodist Church during this time. Shingleroof Campground, which is about 2 miles from Union Grove, was established by the Methodist Church during this time. It still operates its camp meeting every year. It still operates its camp meeting every year.

10. Recent camp meeting photos

11. The African American Baptist church was established in Savannah in 1788. The African American Baptist church was established in Savannah in 1788. This was one of the few churches controlled completely by its members. This was one of the few churches controlled completely by its members. First African Baptist Church

12. Through camp meetings and revivals, thousands of Georgians, black and white, were attracted and converted. Through camp meetings and revivals, thousands of Georgians, black and white, were attracted and converted. Church membership increased greatly and new churches were developed- the majority of them Baptist or Methodist. Church membership increased greatly and new churches were developed- the majority of them Baptist or Methodist. Today, it is hard to find a city in Georgia without at least, one Baptist and one Methodist church. Today, it is hard to find a city in Georgia without at least, one Baptist and one Methodist church.

13. At the beginning of the 18 th century, many churches preached equality and denounced slavery. At the beginning of the 18 th century, many churches preached equality and denounced slavery. This would change in the 1830’s… This would change in the 1830’s… Why? Why? Stay tuned…the answers are coming! Stay tuned…the answers are coming!

14. Education Some people received only a few years of elementary education. Some people received only a few years of elementary education. Often even the best farmers knew little, if anything, about reading or mathematics. Often even the best farmers knew little, if anything, about reading or mathematics. Most of Georgia’s citizens had not been to school at all. Most of Georgia’s citizens had not been to school at all. Governor Lyman Hall Governor Lyman Hall recommended that the recommended that the state set aside land for state set aside land for schools, but few were built. schools, but few were built.

15. 1783 Male students studied Greek, Latin, grammar, and math Females studied arts and music. 1785 UGA was chartered as a land grant university (school in which the federal gov’t donated land). 1786 Georgia Legislature passed a law requiring each county to open academies (schools). 1820 There were only 40 academies in the state 1822 Some members of the Legislature tried unsuccessfully to get money for public schools. 1836 Wesleyan College (Georgia Female College) opened. French Literature Science

16. Who Attended? Only Wealthy Merchants Only Wealthy Merchants Large Landowners Large Landowners Mostly males Mostly males Many saw no value in teaching females academic subjects Many saw no value in teaching females academic subjects Instead, girls were Instead, girls were taught sewing, cooking, taught sewing, cooking, child care, and music child care, and music

17. The War of 1812 Between 1793 and 1815, France and Great Britain were almost always at war. Between 1793 and 1815, France and Great Britain were almost always at war. American merchants were caught in the middle as both countries tried to block the US from trading with the other. American merchants were caught in the middle as both countries tried to block the US from trading with the other.

18. Embargo President Thomas Jefferson began an unsuccessful embargo (to stop trade with foreign counties). President Thomas Jefferson began an unsuccessful embargo (to stop trade with foreign counties). Hoped this would force Great Britain and France to change their policies. Hoped this would force Great Britain and France to change their policies. Instead, it had a disastrous effect on American shipping. Instead, it had a disastrous effect on American shipping.

19. War Hawks A group of land-hungry southerners and westerners who wanted the United States to declare war on Great Britain. A group of land-hungry southerners and westerners who wanted the United States to declare war on Great Britain. Capture Canada Eliminate British Eliminate British Eliminate Indians

20. War Is Declared President James Madison declared war on Great Britain. President James Madison declared war on Great Britain. Many Americans were uncertain that they could defeat Great Britain. Many Americans were uncertain that they could defeat Great Britain. War lasted War lasted about 2 years about 2 years without a without a winner. winner.

21. Battle at Fort McHenry the people of Baltimore were certain that the British would attack the city, but were not sure when... the people of Baltimore were certain that the British would attack the city, but were not sure when... Major George Armistead, the commanding officer desired "to have a flag so large that the British will have no difficulty in seeing it from a distance." Major George Armistead, the commanding officer desired "to have a flag so large that the British will have no difficulty in seeing it from a distance." The 30' x 42' flag was the one that Francis Scott Key saw on the morning of September 14, 1814. The 30' x 42' flag was the one that Francis Scott Key saw on the morning of September 14, 1814.Francis Scott KeyFrancis Scott Key It inspired him to write the words to "The Star Spangled Banner." It inspired him to write the words to "The Star Spangled Banner."The Star Spangled BannerThe Star Spangled Banner

22. Americans were led by General Andrew Jackson. Americans were led by General Andrew Jackson. They lost 13 men. They lost 13 men. Over 2,000 men were killed or wounded. Over 2,000 men were killed or wounded. Treaty of Ghent ended the war. Treaty of Ghent ended the war. General Jackson was declared a national hero. General Jackson was declared a national hero.

23. After the War US got no new land. US got no new land. It showed that they were willing to fight for continued independence. It showed that they were willing to fight for continued independence. Separate states began to truly feel united. Separate states began to truly feel united. When Americans could not get goods from overseas, they were forced to make their own. When Americans could not get goods from overseas, they were forced to make their own. By 1815, they could supply their own needs. By 1815, they could supply their own needs. iron textileswood glassware leatherpottery