1. Chapter 15: Immigrants and Urbanization By: Henry, Eric, Jess, Jade, Meghan, Melinda, Shantel, Little Italy

2. The New Immigrants Europeans Religion. Population. Chinese and Japanese gold rush. railroads. The West Indies and Mexico Jobs.

3. 14 year old immigrant American dream Worked menial jobs Bought a business Was not satisfied Fong See

4. Life in the New Land Was a long, hard trip to America Ellis Island- main entry for European immigrants Had to pass health and governmental inspections 17,000,000 immigrants passed through Ellis Island Angel Island- Asian entry area to U.S. In U.S., immigrants stayed by each other

5. Johnny Weissmuller Born in Timisoara, Romania Came to America on S.S. Rotterdam Arrived in New York on January 26, 1905 Won five Olympic Gold medals in swimming Was actor in Tarzan Movies – Set 67 world records

6. Benjamin Harrison 23 President First to conduct "front-porch" campaigns “Little Ben” First Pan American Congress Tariff Issue Party leaders abandoned President Harrison

7. Immigration Restrictions Strong feelings emerged due to moving Nativism led to anti immigration groups Bill passes for literacy test for immigrants Jobs go to Chinese Gentleman's agreement Immigrations closed except Asians

8. Grover Cleveland Born in New Jersey Elected President 1884 Re-elected in 1992 Lost popularity in own party Congress didn’t back

9. Urbanization Cities had bad living conditions. Industrial jobs. Americanization Movement. Assimilate immigrants. Inventions sped up urbanization.

10. Jacob Riis Denmark immigrant 1873 New York news Photo –journalism Poverty Inform and make a difference

11. Urban Problems Overcrowded, unsanitary tenements New standards = worse living conditions Bad water Scavengers and sewer lines Big city fires

12. Jane Admas September 6, 1880 Wealthy family Europe Toynbee House 1889-Hull House Educational, Cultural, Social services

13. Reformers Mobilize Social Gospel Movement Settlement Houses Charles Stover, Stanton Coit-NY-1886 1890-Janie Porter Barrett-Locust Street Social Settlement Social responsibility toward poor

14. Me! Came From china Live in New York City Wear nice clothes I am single

15. Political Machine and Scandal Political Machine – Precinct Captains, Ward Bosses, City Boss Helped immigrants Fraud and Graft William M. Tweed – Thomas Nast

16. James A. Garfield November 19, 1831 – September 19, 1881 20 th President Assassinated four months after his inauguration (second shortest president) Republican Ohio Congressman Reformer Shot by a mentally unbalanced lawyer named Charles Guiteau that wanted vice president Arthur to govern.

17. Problem of Patronage (Spoils System). Reformers push for a merit system of hiring in civil service. Progress with republican presidents Rutherford B. Hayes, James A. Garfield (assassinated) and Chester A. Arthur. Pendleton Civil Service Act of 1883: bipartisan civil service commission makes appointments to federal jobs through a merit system based on candidates’ performance on an examination.

18. Strong Alliance between government and business. Big business and Republican want to raise tariffs. Democratic Party wants to lower tariff (and prices). Attempt to reduce tariffs fails (Cleveland), but spirit of reform is still alive.