1. The Bodies’ Defenders 946-947 Function Illustration Function
White Blood Cells
Phagocyte T-Cells B-Cells Complement Proteins Antibodies Interferons
Function
Illustration
Proteins
Function
Illustration

2. Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 73
Topic: 31.2 Immune System
Essential Question(s):
How does the immune system work with other body systems to prevent and fight diseases?
How do phagocytes help to fight infections?
31.2 Immune System
2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules
KEY CONCEPT The immune system consists of organs, cells, and molecules that fight infections.

3. KEY CONCEPT The immune system consists of organs, cells, and molecules that fight infections.

4. Pg. 72 Write your own definition of the immune system:
The immune system is the body system that fights off infection and pathogens.

5. WBCs (Phagocytes/T-cells/B-cells)
Pg. 72
With your table: Make a list of some of the “defenders” of your body
WBCs (Phagocytes/T-cells/B-cells)
Proteins (Interferons/Complement Proteins/ Antibodies)
Hair
Skin
Earwax
Mucous membranes

6. Defending Your Body Against Disease
10m33s
During the video, add any other body defenses not on your list

7. Think of your body as a heavily guarded castle
Think of your body as a heavily guarded castle. When pathogens invade they must break down the outer wall or find a way around it. If the intruders get past the physical barriers, they must face your body’s fighters in hand-to-hand combat.
Invaders are winning= you are sick
Your body is winning= you are healthy

8. What is our first line of defense against pathogens?
SKIN!!!!!!

9. SKIN
First line of defense against pathogens!!!!
Protection from infection
Oil glands in skin
Inhibit the growth of bacteria
Cuts and wounds are entry points

10. Besides skin, what are some other entry points?
Eyes
Nose
Ears
Mouth
Excretory Organs (lungs)

11. Mucous membranes in these openings trap pathogens entering the body.
The circulatory system transports immune cells.

12. 4. Blood clot dries out- Scab is formed
Pg How do we heal? *Discuss with your table the order in which a cut heals (6 steps)
1. Cut yourself
2. Bleed
3. Form blood clot
4. Blood clot dries out- Scab is formed
5. Skin cells divide and multiply- (mitosis)
6. Scab falls off
*Creates a barrier between bacteria on skin and the tissue below

13. How Your Body Fights Germs

14. Meet 6 of the body’s defenders:
phagocyte- Destroys viruses, bacterium, and fungi by engulfing them
Ex: macrophage

15. 2) T cells- Destroy body cells that are infected
3) B cells- Produce proteins that inactivate pathogens that haven't infected body cells yet

16. 4) Complement Proteins: made by white blood cells, and weaken pathogen’s cell membrane allowing water in so it will burst

17. 5) Antibodies: made by B cells
Attack pathogens by “binding” themselves to the pathogen to prevent them from attacking healthy cells
Cause pathogen’s to clump, making it easier for phagocytes to engulf and destroy

18. 6) Interferons: produced by body cells infected by a virus
Stimulate uninfected body cells to produce enzymes that will prevent viruses from entering and infecting them
***If a virus can’t enter it- it can’t reproduce!

19. Members of the Immune System
2m27s

20. Body Story: Body Snatchers
“Body Snatchers Video Notes”
*Focus on the changes of the body after being infected with influenza virus
At least 10 bullets

21. What does the virus do to her cells?
What causes Holly’s pain symptoms? Why?
Your body has a natural thermostat (98.6). Why does her body react with a fever?
Why was it “good” that Holly couldn’t find pain medicine?
Why does it take the body so long to find the helper T and B cells?
The video said the specific T cell had been “waiting for 25 years” Hypothesize where you think she got it from?

22. She was born with it. Passed on from her mother to her.
1. What does the virus do to her cells?
“Hijacks her cell”- forces it to produce more of the virus
2. What causes Holly’s pain symptoms? Why?
Holly’s body is creating the pain symptoms. This lets her know that something is wrong- It is the result of her body fighting the invader. Allows her to “rest” so her body can use her energy to fight the invader.
3. Your body has a natural thermostat (98.6). Why does her body react with a fever?
98.6 allows for a perfect “breeding ground” for the virus. By heating up her body the virus cannot produce at such a fast rate.
4. Why was it “good” that Holly couldn’t find pain medicine?
Pain medicine would reduce her fever, allowing the virus to produce at its full rate.
5. Why does it take the body so long to find the helper T and B cells?
They are only 2 cells in trillions. Your body needs to locate the proper cells to fight the virus.
6. The video said the specific T cell had been “waiting for 25 years” Hypothesize where you think she got it from?
She was born with it. Passed on from her mother to her.