2. a branch of biology
It deals with the relations of organisms to one another and to their physical surroundings.

3. Biomes

4. Usually a biome is named after its predominant vegetation
A biome is way to describe a large group of similar ecosystems. Biomes have similar weather, rainfall, animals, and plants

5. Tundra The average temperature in the tundra is around -18 degrees F.
The tundra gets around 10 inches of precipitation per year.
The tundra has few nutrients to support plant and animal life.
Permafrost - Below the top soil, the ground is permanently frozen year round.

6. Taiga Cold weather – average temperature of 32 degrees F.
Dry - Average precipitation is between 12 and 30 inches per year.
This forest is covered with evergreen trees
Thin layer of soil
a long winter and a short summer
This forest is covered with evergreen, or coniferous, trees. These are trees that don't drop their leaves, or needles, in the winter. They keep their leaves so they can soak up as much sunlight for as long as possible. The dark green color of their leaves also helps them to soak up more sun and gain more energy through photosynthesis.

7. Grasslands
The temperate grasslands have seasons including a hot summer and a cold winter. Can be -40 – 70 degrees F.
The amount of rain is not enough to grow tall trees and produce a forest, but it is enough to not form a desert inches
Grasslands are wide expanses of land filled with low growing plants such as grasses and wildflowers.

8. Desert Drastic temperature changes from 20 degrees-130 degrees
10 inches or less rain in a year.
Little to no plant life, mostly cacti
Deserts are characterized in an overall lack of water.

9. Rainforest The temperature is generally between 70- 90 degrees F.
inches of rain
Lots of different types of plant life
The rainforest can be divided up into three layers: the canopy, the understory, and the forest floor.

10. Deciduous Forest
The temperature is generally between degrees F.
30-60 inches of rain
Fertile soil so lots can grow there. Mostly oak and maple trees
Four seasons - There are four distinct seasons: winter, spring, summer, and fall. Each season is about the same length of time.

11. Individual
One single organism

12. Population
All of the same type of organism

13. Community
Multiple populations interacting

14. Ecosystem
A community interacting with all of the biotic and abiotic factors

16. An ecosystem is an interacting community of organisms, plants and animals, and their physical environments, from soil minerals to geography to weather patterns
a specific area where the organisms work together as a unit. It could be any size from a tiny pool of water to hundreds of square miles of desert

17. Ecosystems contain biotic or living, parts as well as abiotic factors, or nonliving parts which interact
Every factor in an ecosystem depends on every other factor, either directly or indirectly

18. Biotic These are living things in the ecosystem
Biotic factors include plants, animals, and other organisms.

19. Abiotic These are non-living things
Abiotic factors include rocks, temperature, and humidity. Sunlight, Precipitation, Water or moisture, Soil or water chemistry (e.g., P, NH4+)

21. Niche
An organisms job in the ecosystem and how it interacts with other biotic and abiotic factors

22. Predator and Prey
predation is a biological interaction where a predator (an organism that is hunting) feeds on its prey (the organism that is attacked).
Predators may or may not kill their prey prior to feeding on them, but the act of predation often results in the death of its prey

23. Commensalism
one individual benefits while the other is neither helped nor harmed
orchids (examples of epiphytes) found in tropical rainforests grow on the branches of trees in order to access light, but the presence of the orchids does not affect the trees

24. Mutualism both or all individuals benefit from the relationship
leafcutter ants and certain fungi have an obligate mutualistic relationship. The ant larvae eat only one kind of fungi, and the fungi cannot survive without the constant care of the ants. As a result, the colonies activities revolve around cultivating the fungi.

25. Parasitism
one individual, the parasite, benefits from another individual, the host, while harming the host in the process.
Parasites feed on host tissue or fluids and can be found within (endoparasites) or outside (ectoparasites) of the host body
Ticks, fleas, bed bugs

26. Parasitism, Predation, and Herbivory
Interaction
Species 1
Species 2
Mutualism +
Competition -
Parasitism, Predation, and Herbivory
Commensalism
neutral