1. Chapter 20: Enlightenment and Revolution in England and America 1550-1789
Section 4: The Enlightenment ( )

2. Philosophes Critics of society The Encyclopedia
Attacked the church, the government, the slave trade, torture, taxes, and war

3. The philosophes based their ideas about government on classical Greece and Roman “Gov”

4. John Locke Individual not give up all rights
They kept right to live, enjoy liberty, and to own property

5. John Locke (con’t)
Two Treatises on Government
Government to protect our rights
Ruler should not have absolute power

6. Thomas Hobbes English Philosopher Leviathan Leader had absolute power
People acted from self-interest and without regard for the rights and welfare of others

7. Thomas Hobbes (con’t)
Only strong would survive unless order was imposed by a greater power of a ruler

8. Baron de Montesquieu System of checks and balances
Three branches (executive, legislative, and judicial)

9. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Social Contract
Popular Sovereignty
Government created and controlled by the people

10. Mary Wollstonecraft
Early spokesperson for women’s rights