1. Chapter 25 sect 2: Industrialization Aim : How did the industrial revolution impact the lives of the worker? Do Now : write down 5 things you use today that you can’t live without.

2. Industrialization Changes Life Factory Work  Factories pay more than farms  Spurs demand for more expensive goods Industrial Cities Rise  Urbanization  Growing population provides a work force and a market for factory goods  British industrial cities: London, Birmingham, Manchester, Liverpool

3. Living Conditions  Sickness widespread  Epidemics like cholera  Sweep through urban slums  Life span in one large city is only 17 years  Wealthy merchants, & factory owners live in luxurious suburban homes  Rapidly growing cities lack sanitary codes & building codes  Cities also without adequate housing, education, police protection

4. Working Conditions  Average working days 14 hours for 6 days a week, year round  Dirty, poorly lit factories injure workers  Many coal miners killed by coal and dust

5. Class Tensions Grow The Middle Class  Skilled workers, merchants, rich farmers, professionals  Looked down on landowners & aristocrats  Comfortable standards of living The Working Class  Lives not improved  Replaced by machines  Luddites & other groups destroy machinery that puts them out of work  Unemployment a serious problem  Unemployed workers riot

7. Positive Effects of the Industrial Revolution Immediate Benefits  Creates jobs, enriches nation, encourages technological progress  Education expands, clothing cheaper, diet and housing improve  Workers eventually win shorter hours, better wages and conditions Long term effects  Improved living conditions still evident today  Government uses tax revenue for urban improvements

8. Case Study: Manchester The Mills of Manchester  Has labor, water power and nearby ports at Liverpool  Poor live and work in unhealthy, dangerous environment  Business owners make profits by risking own money on factories  Eventually workers see standard of living rise some

9. Children in Manchester Factories  Children as young as 6 work in factories, many are injured  1819 Factory Act restricts working age and hours  Factory pollution fouls air, poisons river  Manchester produces consumer goods and creates wealth