1.  starter activity. Do you know your Roman numerals? Write down the Roman numerals for these dates: 43 597 1066 1170 1348 1381 1485 1666 1851 1901 1914 1945  What happened on these dates?

2. The Romans are coming! To understand the reasons for the growth of the Roman Empire To assess reasons for the invasion of Britain To write a persuasive speech  Learning objectives

4.  Your task Read the information sheet your teacher gives you on the growth of the Roman Empire. Make a list of reasons why the Roman Empire expanded How did Caesar become ruler of the Roman Empire?  Note down any reasons why countries might want to be controlled by the Romans  What strategies did Julius Caesar use for staying in power? Make a list with and compare it with the slide that follows

5. Growth of Roman Empire By chance – e.g. captured towns & cities By chance – e.g. captured towns & cities By force of arms – Roman army grew in size By force of arms – Roman army grew in size Need for land to feed the population Need for land to feed the population Empire was a source of income, e.g. taxes Empire was a source of income, e.g. taxes

6. Reasons why Caesar becomes emperor Successful military campaigns – e.g. Gaul, Britain Successful military campaigns – e.g. Gaul, Britain Personal determination & ambition – e.g. crossing the Rubicon Personal determination & ambition – e.g. crossing the Rubicon Removed leaders in Rome Removed leaders in Rome Formed alliances with powerful leaders - e.g. became lover of Cleopatra Formed alliances with powerful leaders - e.g. became lover of Cleopatra Put friends into positions of power – e.g. appointed them senators Put friends into positions of power – e.g. appointed them senators

7. Some of Julius Caesar’s actions Gave land to poor citizens Gave land to poor citizens Reformed the laws Reformed the laws Ruled like a king Ruled like a king Built any fine buildings Built any fine buildings Put his friends in powerful positions Put his friends in powerful positions Named a month after himself Named a month after himself Wore purple clothes like a king Wore purple clothes like a king Introduced a new calendar Introduced a new calendar Helped many people in Spain and Gaul to become citizens Helped many people in Spain and Gaul to become citizens Put up his statue in Rome Put up his statue in Rome Adapted from.The Roman Empire’ by Martyn Whittock

8.  Your task Why did the Romans decide to expand their empire further and invade Britain? Why did the Romans decide to expand their empire further and invade Britain? Study the sources and summarise the key reasons. Sequence them in order of importance. Study the sources and summarise the key reasons. Sequence them in order of importance.  Which source is the most biased?  Which source is the most biased?

9. Reasons for invading Britain Men for the army Men for the army Resources – source A mentions timber, source B mentions tin, source C mentions gold and silver Resources – source A mentions timber, source B mentions tin, source C mentions gold and silver Food – source A mentions herds of cattle Food – source A mentions herds of cattle Proximity to Gaul Proximity to Gaul Wealth – source E mentions pearls Wealth – source E mentions pearls

10.  Extension task In AD 43 the Emperor Claudius invaded Britain again. Visit Richborough Castle the site of the invasion or do some internet research and paste a picture of what it looked like at the height of its importance in your book. Produce a simple timeline of its development. In AD 43 the Emperor Claudius invaded Britain again. Visit Richborough Castle the site of the invasion or do some internet research and paste a picture of what it looked like at the height of its importance in your book. Produce a simple timeline of its development.

11.  Your task Imagine you are Julius Caesar. You are worried that your fellow Romans are unhappy with you invasion of Britain. Write a short speech reminding them of what you have done for Rome and the reasons why the invasion of Britain would be better. Imagine you are Julius Caesar. You are worried that your fellow Romans are unhappy with you invasion of Britain. Write a short speech reminding them of what you have done for Rome and the reasons why the invasion of Britain would be better.

12. Needs improvingSatisfactoryWOW factor! Includes a limited number of references to changes introduced by Julius Caesar Refers to one or two reasons why Britain should be invaded Includes a good range of references to changes introduced Refers to most of the reasons for invading Britain Use of some persuasive phrases typical in speeches, e.g. use of rhetorical questions, repetition, rule of 3 Includes a full and detailed range of changes introduced by Caesar Explains all major reasons for invading Britain Written in a convincing and persuasive style typical of speeches May include additional research

13.  Homework If not already done … choose 3 objects (sources) from your bedroom. Photograph them and stick the photograph in your book. Next to the photo explain what future archaeologists might learn from these sources. If not already done … choose 3 objects (sources) from your bedroom. Photograph them and stick the photograph in your book. Next to the photo explain what future archaeologists might learn from these sources. Cover your book with images from these topics: Romans, Normans, Black Death, Elizabeth 1, Civil War Cover your book with images from these topics: Romans, Normans, Black Death, Elizabeth 1, Civil War

14. Plenary Plenary Explain these words: Explain these words: Empire Bias BC / AD Empire Bias BC / AD 3 reasons for the expansion of the Roman Empire 3 reasons for the expansion of the Roman Empire 3 reasons why Julius Caesar invaded Britain 3 reasons why Julius Caesar invaded Britain  Why did it take nearly another 100 years to successfully invade Britain in AD 47?  Why did it take nearly another 100 years to successfully invade Britain in AD 47?