1. Biology Ecology Human Impact

2. Ecology Topics Human population growthHuman population growth BiodiversityBiodiversity Impacts on the environmentImpacts on the environment Factors influencing climateFactors influencing climate Direct & Indirect influence on natural resourcesDirect & Indirect influence on natural resources ConservationConservation Essential Questions 9.What factors affect the growth of human populations? 10.What is biodiversity? Describe the importance of it. 11.How do both the changes and the needs of a human populations impact the environment? 12.What are the factors that influence climate? 13.How do humans directly and indirect influence natural resources? What some practices that can be done to improve and conserve the natural world?

3. World Population and Exponential Growth 2012 (1)Resources use and waste (2)Poverty (3)Loss of biodiversity (4)Global Climate Change As the human population grows what might be the impact on the following:

4. Population Population Growth Fig. 1-4, p. 8 Who is Overpopulated? Are we living Sustainably? return Is the problem we face population size or resource use?

5. Ecological Footprint What is an ecological footprint? What is an ecological footprint? Resource use and Waste- Pollution (Air, Water and Land) – Planet in Peril Loss of Biodiversity Poverty Global Climate Change The Story of Stuff The Story of Stuff Examples of over consumption Examples of over consumption

6. Living on interest vs. Living on principal Living on Interest (Sustainably) Invest the capital (1 million) at 10% interest. You will have a sustainable income of $100,000 per year. Without depleting your capital (1 million) Living on Principal If you spent $200,000 per year, your 1million would be gone early in the 7 th year If you spent $110,000 per year, you would be bankrupt early in the 18 th year. How would you prefer to live? How do we live now? Imagine you win $1,000,000 in the lottery

7. Human Impact: Population and Activities Humans have disturbed from 50 to 83% of the earth's land surface. Humans use, waste, or destroy about 40% of the net primary productivity of the planet's terrestrial ecosystems. Examples / Issues: Planet in Peril – Battle lines (2009) Planet in Peril – Battle lines (2009) Bush Meat / Zoonotic Viruses Nigerian Oil Conflict Peruvian Lead poisoning Shark fining and Ecotourism African Elephants Mountain Gorillas

8. Climate Climate is the long-term atmospheric conditions of a region, typically considered over decades (30-1 million years). Average temperature and average precipitation are the two major factors that determine the climate of a region. The amount of incoming solar energy per unit area of land, air circulation over surface of the earth, and water circulation determine the different climates that occur.

9. Factors that Influence Climate Greenhouse Gases Carbon Dioxide – increase due to the use of fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas) Methane – increase due to raising livestock, growing rice and warming Nitrous Oxide – burning anything in our atmosphere produces nitrogen oxides Greenhouse Effect Greenhouse Effect Climate and Climate Change Climate and Climate Change Melting Alaska Melting Alaska Impact of Warming and the Northern Passage Impact of Warming and the Northern Passage

10. What is Conservation Biology? Conservation biology is a multidisciplinary science that originated in the 1970’s. Its goal is to use emergency responses slow down the rate destruction and degradationConservation biology is a multidisciplinary science that originated in the 1970’s. Its goal is to use emergency responses slow down the rate destruction and degradationExamples: California Condor California Condor Tigers RAP – in Madagascar RAP – in Madagascar Preservation of biodiversity is important for several reasons: intrinsic or existence value Instrumental value usefulness to humans (pharmaceuticals, ecotourism, economic value) Example: Coffee Example: Coffee Why should we care about biodiversity?

11. Illegal species Trade Invasive Species Deforestation Human Impact on Biodiversity

12. Major Pollution Events Photochemical Smog (Los Angeles) Photochemical Smog (Los Angeles) Acid Rain Acid Rain Ozone Double Trouble Ozone Double Trouble Industrial Disasters (Three Mile Island, Chernobyl & Bhopal) (Three Mile Island, Chernobyl & Bhopal) BP Oil Spill BP Oil Spill Exxon Valdez Exxon Valdez Minamata Bay, Pesticides & Love Canal Minamata Bay, Pesticides & Love Canal