1. Classical Greece

2. City States  Independent  Fought each other  Oligarchies  Many small farmers in debt

3. Athens - Solon  Followed period of tyrants  Archon – judge, general, and administrator  Cancelled all debts  Four classes –Active participation in politics

4. Cleisthenes – 508 BCE  All free men, age 18 and who owned property, could vote and hold office.  Assembly of 500 –50 from each of 10 geographic areas of Athens –All chosen by lottery  Power to impeach

5. Persian Wars  500 to 479 BCE  Persians conquered Ionia, then headed towards Athens

6. Battle of Marathon Greek Phalanx  Outnumbered 2 to 1  Phalanx  Hoplite  Greeks win

7. Battle of Thermopylae Spartan Bravery  300 Spartans  700 Thespians stayed too  King Leonidas

8. Battle of Salamis  Themistocles  “Wall of Wood”  Trireme

9. Delian League  Persian threat pulled Greeks together  Sparta won the war but…  Athens rose to the top  Used navy to promote trade and boost economy  Athens was paid to “protect” other city-states

10. Pericles  Participation in government is a right and a responsibility  All citizens are equal in the eyes of the law  The Funeral Oration

12. Golden Age 477 – 431 BCE  “A summit of civilization never before reached by the human race.”  Art, sculpture, literature, drama, architecture all attained new heights.  History turned to toward men and away from gods.

13. Peloponnesian War 431 – 404 BCE  Jealousy  Sparta and Athens went to war  Plague struck Athens  Sparta won

14. What’s next?  Peloponnesian War left Greece weakened and split  Of course, nobody will take advantage of this…  Except this guy…