1. Early Settlement and Colonial America
English North America

2. Jamestown
Founded in 1607
Created by the Virginia Company (joint- stock company)
Goal: Make $$$
1st Permanent English Settlement in New World

3. Jamestown
Early Problems:
Difficult Conditions
Swampland
Mosquito

4. Jamestown “Starving Time”
Most settlers died because of disease, harsh winter, & little food

5. Jamestown
Captain John Smith
“No Work, No Food”

6. Jamestown Powhatan Tribe Provided food to early settlers
Angry when settlers take food & land
Pocahontas

7. Jamestown Tobacco: Virginia Gold John Rolfe
Plantations (large farms) created
Cash Crop economy

8. Jamestown Headright System:
50 acres of land for every worker brought to colony
More Land = More $$$

9. Jamestown Indentured Servants Plantation Workers:
5-7 year service agreement
Pay for voyage
Food & shelter
Land after contract completed

10. Jamestown
House of Burgesses: 1st elected legislative body in the colonies
Run by the rich
Create laws for the Virginia colonists

11. Jamestown Expansion Problems: Poor farmers want more land Expand West
Fight with Indians
Rich refuse to help
Poor farmers turn on rich farmers

12. Jamestown Bacon’s Rebellion: Nathaniel Bacon Poor farmer uprising
Burn Jamestown
Scares rich landowners
Switch to slave labor

13. Review What problems did the new settlers face in the new world?
What colonist saved the colonists from starvation?
What crop saved the Virginia Company? Who introduced it?
What were the big farms called? Who worked on the farms?
1st legislative body in English colonies?

14. Using the maps on pages 49,54,59 & 67 of your textbook label your colonies map with all 13 colonies.
shade in the New England, Middle and Southern regions using 3 different colors

15. Southern Colonies
Virginia, North and South Carolina, Georgia

16. Carolinas Royal Colony: King Controlled
Purpose: Grow food for the West Indies
Major City: Charleston (Charles Town)
South Carolina grows rich through trade
North Carolina lacks a good port
Outer Banks: Sink Ships

17. Georgia Last of the original colonies Founded: James Oglethorpe
Purpose:
Buffer Colony: Protect S.C. from Spanish Florida
Debtor Colony: Place to start over

18. Life in the South Political:
Government run by the rich plantation owner
White males who owned land allowed to vote
Virginia’s House of Burgesses

19. Life in the South Economic: Plantation (cash-crops) economy Few towns
Tobacco, Rice, Indigo
Few towns
Charleston: Major city

20. Southern Economies
The economy of colonial Virginia and the other Southern colonies in the eastern coastal lowlands was based on “cash crops” such as tobacco, rice, and indigo.
These cash crops were grown on large plantations and exported to Europe.
Farther inland, in the mountains and valleys of the Appalachian foothills, the economy was based on small-scale subsistence farming, hunting, and trading.

21. Southern Social Structure
Social structure based on family status and the ownership of land.
Large landowners in the eastern lowlands dominated colonial government and society and maintained an allegiance to the Church of England and closer social ties to England than did those in the other colonies.
Society further inland, was characterized by small-scale subsistence farmers, hunters, and traders of Scots-Irish and English descent.

22. Slavery
Plantation labor needs came to be satisfied by the forcible importation of Africans.
Some worked as indentured servants, earned their freedom, and lived as free citizens during the Colonial Era.
Over time, larger and larger numbers of enslaved Africans were forcibly brought to the Southern colonies.

23. Slavery Slaves replace indentured servants
Middle Passage: Journey from Africa to America
Part of the Triangular Trade
Slave Codes: Harsh laws against slaves
Slave Response:
Suicide, vandalism, revolts

25. Slavery
You will need to know the story of slavery, from its beginning to how and why it came to be so strong in the Southern colonies.
Sounds like it may be a question on a test, doesn’t it????
Now, listen to my long and drawn out story of slavery, take notes as you feel you need to and ask questions if you have them.

26. Middle Colonies
Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey, Maryland, and Delaware
Colonial Breadbasket
Rich Economy: Farming & Industry

27. Middle Colonies
Home to multiple religious groups that generally believed in religious tolerance, including Quakers in Pennsylvania, Huguenots and Jews in New York, and Presbyterians in New Jersey.
These colonies began to develop a middle class of skilled artisans, entrepreneurs (business owners), and small farmers.

28. Middle Colonies
The middle colonies incorporated a number of democratic principles that reflected the basic rights of Englishmen.

29. Maryland Proprietary Colony: Private land grant
Founded: Lord Baltimore

30. Maryland Purpose: Safe place for Catholics (haven)
Significance: Toleration Act
Protected religious freedom for all Christians

31. Pennsylvania Pennsylvania: Proprietary Colony Founded By: William Penn
Purpose: Home for Quakers
Pacifist religious group
Philadelphia: “City of Brotherly Love”

32. New England Northern area of English colonies.
Made up of people seeking religious freedom (sort of!!!)
Plymouth Bay Colony (PBC), Massachusetts Bay Colony (MBC), Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Hampshire

33. Two groups of settlers:
Massachusetts
Created for religious purposes
Two groups of settlers:
Puritans
Pilgrims

34. Pilgrims 1620: Arrive @ Plymouth William Bradford: Pilgrim leader
Separatists: Believed Church of England was corrupt. Never to return to England.

35. Pilgrims
Mayflower Compact: Legal document that established democracy in Plymouth Bay Colony

36. Pilgrims Squanto: Indian who taught Pilgrims how to grow food
Thanksgiving: Celebration of Indian – Colonist relationship

37. Puritans Established the Massachusetts Bay Colony
Non-Separatist: Goal is to be an example for all to follow and reform the church

38. Puritans John Winthrop: Puritan leader
Goal: create a “City on the hill”
Covenant Community: All citizens working for God.

39. New England
New England’s colonial society was based on religious standing.
The Puritans grew increasingly intolerant of dissenters who challenged the Puritans’ belief in the connection between religion and government.
New England colonies used town meetings in the operation of government

40. Religious Freedom Religious Freedom
Puritans did not allow other faiths in Massachusetts
Religious Freedom
Dissenters: People who opposed Puritan control

41. Dissenters Roger Williams: Founder of Rhode Island.
Kicked out of Massachusetts for preaching “liberty of conscience”
Church
Liberty of conscience = separation of:
State

42. Anne Hutchinson Kicked out of MBC for disagreeing with ministers
Moved to Rhode Island

43. Connecticut
Founded by Puritans seeking greater freedoms and land. Led by Thomas Hooker who thought everyone should be allowed to vote, not just church members.
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut: 1st written Constitution in colonies

44. Life in the North New England: “Cod and God”
Rocky soil and long winters: Bad for farming

45. New England Economy Shipbuilding: Fishing: Cod Lumbering:
Subsistence Farming: you farm to sustain your life

46. Life in the North Religion dominated all aspects of life
All people must learn how to read the Bible.

47. Life in the North
Education: Elementary schools required to be built in all towns > 50 families
Harvard College (1636): 1st college in America

48. Life in the North As MBC grows religious faith begins to decline.
Salem Witch Trials (1692): An attempt to scare people back to church by claiming Satan was corrupting society.

49. Life in the North
Many American colonists in the 1700s turned to a religious movement called pietism, which stressed an individual’s devoutness and emotional union with God
Ministers spread pietism through, revivals, large public meetings for preaching and prayer.
This revival of religious feelings became known as the Great Awakening.

50. Life in the North Great Awakening: A revival in the church
Brings passion and energy to church services.
Led by two men: Jonathan Edwards and George Whitefield
Fire and Brimstone sermons

51. Life in the North Effects of the Great Awakening:
More people go to church
New churches created
Baptist
Methodist
New Colleges created
People question authority

52. The Enlightenment
The Enlightenment was a European cultural movement. It challenged the authority of the church in science and philosophy and elevated the power of human reason.
This emphasis on logic and reasoning was known as rationalism.
John Locke was an influential Enlightenment writer. He argued that all people had rights, and that society can be improved.

53. REVIEW QUESTIONS
What was the 1st English group to arrive in New England?
John Winthrop was the leader of this group of people? What kind of city did he hope to create?
What is the difference between a separatist & a non-separatist?
What were the TWO most important things to colonial New Englanders?
How did the geography of New England affect the lives of the people there?
What was the 1st college created in America?
What two events can be linked to a decline in religious faith?

54. Review Questions
What was the difference between the Enlightenment and the Great Awakening?
The Enlightenment was a movement that challenged religious authority and stressed the power of reason, whereas the Great Awakening was a religious movement that was a response to a declining religious fervor among people.