1. Unit 1: Cells and Heredity Chapter 1: The Cell Chapter 2: How Cells Function Chapter 3: Cell Division Chapter 4: Patterns of Heredity
The BIG idea:
All living things are made up of cells
Key Concepts:
1.1: The cell is the basic unit of living things
1.2: Microscopes allow us to see inside the cell
1.3: Different cells perform various functions
*** TAKE NOTES!!!***

2. 1.2 Microscopic Cells

3. Warm Up Questions All organisms are multicellular?
The cell theory says the cell is the basic unit of life (T/F).
Which is larger: bacteria or animal cell?
How many bacteria cells fit across a dime?
Do you think a real dime has bacteria on it?

4. Review All organisms are multicellular?
Some are
The cell theory says the cell is the basic unit of life (T/F).
True
Which is larger: bacteria or animal cell?
Animal
How many bacteria cells fit across a dime?
17,000
Do you think a real dime has bacteria on it?
Bacteria is everywhere!

5. Cells are small!

6. Cells are small! Unit of Measure: mm = micrometer
1 mm = 10-9 m = one millionth of a meter
Cell size ranger ~1 mm to 1000 mm
17,000 bacteria cells to reach across a dime

7. Microscopes
What is the difference between light and electron microscopes?
Light Microscope
Bends light to make objects appear bigger than they are
Can observe living things
Limited to > 0.2 mm
Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)
As small as mm
Cannot view live specimens

8. Electron Microscopes Scanning Electron Microscope
Cell sample is coated in a heavy metal, electrons are sent towards the cell, the electrons bounce back, are detected, and a 3-D image of the surface is produced.
Transmission Electron Microscope
Cell is sliced extremely thin
Electrons pass through a section
Images appear 2-D

9. Light Microscope vs SEM

10. Cells All cells have a cell membrane and cytoplasm
Eukaryotic vs Prokaryotic
Euk: genetic material stored in the nucleus
Most multicellular
Prok: stored in cytoplasm (no membrane)
Most unicellular

12. Prokaryotic Cell
Eukaryotic Cell

13. Plant vs Animal Cells Eukaryotic cells
Two main compartments: nucleus and cytoplasm.
Plant cells have a cell wall, chloroplast, central vacuole, nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, Golgi apparatus, vesicles, mitochondrion, cell membrane
Animal cells have lysosomes, nucleus, endoplasmic retilum, ribosomes, Golgi apparatus, vesticles, mitochondrion, cell membrane

16. Cell Organelles Cell Wall: protects and supports the cell
Ribosomes: gather materials a cell needs to build important molecules called proteins
Chloroplasts: where sunlight is used to make sugar (Photosynthesis!)
Mitochondria: organelles that use oxygen to process food for energy

17. Process and Transport In the cytoplasm…starting materials:
Endoplasmic reticulum
processes materials it gets from ribosomes to manufacture proteins and parts of the cell membrane
Also involved in transport: vesicles transport processed material to Golgi apparatus
Golgi Apparatus: pancake like. Finishes processing materials from endoplasmic reticulum.

18. Storage, Recycling, and Waste
Vacuoles
Can hold water, waste, and other materials.
Plant: Large central vacuole to store water, etc.
Animal cells do not have central vacuole.
Have lysosomes which are vacuoles that contain chemicals that break down materials

19. Cell Organelles Cool Resource: http://www.cellsalive.com/
             City Analogies
Cell Membrane
City border
Cell Wall
City Wall
Cytoplasm
Lawns
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Highway  or road system
Ribosomes
Lumber or brick yard
Golgi Bodies
Post Office or UPS
Chloroplasts
Solar Energy Plants
Nuclear Membrane
City Hall Fence with security guard
Mitochondria
Energy Plants
Nucleus
City Hall
DNA
Original Blueprints or the city
RNA
Copies of Blueprints
Nucleolus
Copy Machine
Lysosomes
Waste Disposal/ Recyclers
Vacuole
Warehouses, water towers or garbage dumps
Protoplasm
Air or atmosphere
Chromosomes
Rolled up blueprints
Proteins
Lumber or bricks
Names
Organelle drawing
Analog
drawing
Similar functions
We will design a giant cell mural for the wall using the organelle/city drawings.
Cool Resource:

21. Math in Science p.25 To write a number in scientific notation:
Put the decimal after the first digit and drop the zeroes.
In the number 123,000,000,000 The coefficient will be 1.23
To find the exponent count the number of places from the decimal to the end of the number.
In 123,000,000,000 there are 11 places. Therefore we write 123,000,000,000 as:

22. Math in Science p.25
1) An oxygen atom measure 14/100,000,000,000 of a meter across. Write the width of the oxygen atom in standard form as a decimal number ) Write the width of the oxygen atoms in scientific notation 1.4 x 10-10m

23. Math in Science…
3) A chloroplast measure 5 millionths of a meter across. Write its width in standard form and in scientific notation 4)A redwood tree stands 100 meter tall. There are 1000 millimeters in a meter. Express the height of the redwood tree in millimeters. Write the number in scientific notation. 5) A typical plant cell measures 1 millionth of a meter in width. Express the width in standard form and in scientific notation
Extra credit: p27 challenge
m; 5 x 10-6 m
100,000 mm; 1 x 105 mm
m; 1 x 10-6 m