1. Jefferson Alters the Nation’s Course
Chapter 6 Section 3
Jefferson Alters
the Nation’s Course

2. Jefferson Wins Presidential Election
Election of 1800
Thomas Jefferson and John Adams
Jefferson wins by 8 electoral votes
Aaron Burr (Jefferson’s Running mate) also received 8 electoral college votes and House of Reps had to decide
Jefferson wins and Burr becomes his VP
Congress passes Twelfth Amendment because of this
Separate ballots for President and Vice President

3. The Jefferson Presidency
Replaced Federalist officials with Democratic-Republicans so it would be more evenly balanced
Simple gov’t would best suit the needs of the republic
Walked to his own inauguration , took off his powdered wig, and wore work clothes to greet visitors
Wanted to shrink the government and cut costs
Cut size of army, stopped expansion of navy, lowered expenses for government social functions
“Every difference of opinion is not a difference of principle,” “We are all [Democratic-] Republicans; we are all Federalists.”

4. Southern Dominance of Politics
Jefferson is the first president to take office in Washington, D.C.
Federalists start to decline
Refused to participate in political campaigns because they didn’t want to appeal to the common people
National expansion – settlers mostly voted for Democratic- Republicans because they supported farmers’ needs

5. John Marshall and the Supreme Court
Adams had appointed John Marshall, a Federalist, as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
Judiciary Act of increased number of federal judges
Adams gave positions to Federalists
Called Midnight Judges because they were appointed late on the last day of Adams’ administration
Jefferson is outraged, argues that the appointments are invalid because it was not received before Adams left office

6. Marbury v. Madison
1803
William Marbury – midnight judge, never received official papers
James Madison – Jefferson’s Secretary of State, was supposed to deliver the papers
Marbury sued
Judiciary Act of 1789 deemed unconstitutional because it is not listed
Decision made principle of judicial review very important
Ability of the Supreme Court to declare an act of congress unconstitutional

7. The United States Expands West
The Louisiana Purchase
Napoleon asked Spain to return Louisiana Territory, and Jefferson gets nervous
Sent James Monroe to purchase the land, but Napoleon already agrees to sell it
$15 million
Included all the land drained by the western tributaries of the Mississippi River
Size of U.S. more than doubled

9. Lewis and Clark Meriwether Lewis led the expedition
Wanted them to collect scientific information about plants and animals along the way
Lewis chose William Clark to help him lead their 50 soldiers.
Ends up reducing in size, but adding Sacajawea as a guide and interpreter to the Natives
Took 2 years and four months