1. Geography and the 5 Themes
PreAP/Academic Geography Chapter 1, Section 1
Geography and the 5 Themes
Chapter 1
llhammon
llhammon Fall 2010

2. What is Geography?
Geography provides an effective method for asking questions about places on the earth and their relationships to the people who live there.
“Geo” is also Latin for earth.
“Graphy” is Greek for graph or map.
So…Geography is also the mapping of the earth.

3. The Five Themes Location Position on the earth’s surface.
Every place on the earth can be located by either absolute or relative terms.
The use of a network of horizontal and vertical lines on globes and maps to find exact points anywhere on the earth is absolute location.

4. Relative Location is the location of a place in relation to something/somewhere else.
My house is down the street from Chick-fil-A
Galveston is about 40 miles southeast of Pearland
Absolute Location is the location of a place given in specific coordinates using lines of latitude and longitude.
Pearland High School is located at 29° 32' N / 95° 16' W

5. Location

6. Place
Every place on earth has its own physical and human features. In the physical feature it can be described in terms of its land, water, weather, soil, and plant and animal life. In terms of its human features each place can be described in terms of the number and kinds of people who live there. It can also be described by the activities that take place there. DESCRIBE is the key word in place.

7. Place

8. Human/Environment Interaction (HEI)
The interaction of humans with the environment. This interaction can have both good and bad outcomes. This is one of the most important factors in geography.

9. Human Environment Interaction

10. Movement
Movement has become a daily part of our lives. Not only does man move through migration, but information, goods, and ideas are also moved. The earth is constantly moving – water(oceans), landforms, wind, etc.

11. Movement

12. Regions
Regions make the study of geography more manageable. The world is often divided into regions or areas, based on certain physical features – land-type or plant and animal life. The world is also divided into regions based on certain human characteristics – such as the way people are governed or the kind of language they speak.

13. Region

14. Location, Place, HEI, Movement, and Region

15. The five themes ask these questions:
Location – Where is it?
Place – What is it like there? (both physical and human)
HEI – What is the relationship between people and their environment?
Movement – How are people and places connected?
Region – How is a place similar to and different from other places?

22. Other themes in geography
History and Political Science
We use history to help understand the way that places looked in the past
Political Science is used to help us see how people in different places are governed at the local, state, and national levels. Geographers look at the ways political boundaries have been formed and how they have been changed.

23. Sociology and Anthropology:
Sociology is used to help us understand societies in different places throughout the world.
Anthropology helps us gain insight into the “culture” or way of life, of groups of people in different places.
•Economics:
- Economics is used to help us understand how the location of resources affects the way people make, transport, and use goods. Also, how locations are chosen for various economic activities such as:

24. Farming
Mining
Manufacturing and
selling.

25. Two Branches of Geography
Physical – The study of physical earth.
Human – The study of Human activity on earth.
Physical Geography – it is the study of earth itself, as well as things on earth NOT made by people.
Landforms
Climate – climatology (the pattern of weather in a place over a long period of time)
Weather – Meteorology (the study of temperature, clouds, wind, and different types of precipitation over a short time period.

26. •Oceans – Oceanography
•Natural Geography or Biogeography –
(how plant and animal life are distributed
on earth’s surface)
•Plants – Plant Geography
•Zoogeography – study of animals and
birds and their habitats.

27. Human Geography – the study of people and their activities within their environment or surroundings.
Cultural or social - study the places people live and the ways in which different groups live
Historical – study of people and places over time
Demography – study of population in terms of births, deaths, marriages, and other data.
Economic geography – shows where the places natural resources are found affect the economic activities such as manufacturing and agriculture
Political geography – deals with the relationship between an area’s government and physical features. The drawing of political boundaries.
Urban geography – centers on the growth of cities and the areas around them. It studies how cities began and how they affect people and the environment.

28. The Value of Geography
Geography helps people learn more about the place where they live.
Geography helps people understand why we are living in a smaller world (not physically)
Geography teaches us why we are globally interdependent on other areas of the world.