1. Motivation Getting the best out of people

2. Motivation What is the link between these 2 objects and motivation?

3. Motivation Features of a motivated person Features of a motivated person Why motivate? Why motivate? How to motivate? How to motivate?

4. Are you motivated? Want to work or are keen to work Want to work or are keen to work Look for extra work Look for extra work Look for ways to improve what you do Look for ways to improve what you do Rarely take time off Rarely take time off Enjoy difficult challenges Enjoy difficult challenges Avoid ‘bunking off’ !! Avoid ‘bunking off’ !! Always produces high quality Always produces high quality

5. Why Motivate? More production and more productive More production and more productive Better product or service Better product or service Less waste Less waste Lower costs Lower costs Better teamwork Better teamwork Less recruitment – lower staff turnover Less recruitment – lower staff turnover Happier employees Happier employees

6. How to Motivate? Abraham Maslow – Hierarchy of Needs Abraham Maslow – Hierarchy of Needs Social Physiological Safety Esteem Self-actualisation

7. How to Motivate - Maslow There are 5 needs of the work place: There are 5 needs of the work place: 1.Physiological needs (food, water, shelter, health) 2.Security needs (a secure present and a secure future) 3.Social or ‘love’ needs (having friends, being part of a group, being liked and loved) 4.Esteem needs (feeling good and happy about yourself, status, respect) 5.Self actualisation needs (reaching your full potential and goals

8. How to Motivate - Maslow Once a need is satisfied it can no longer be used to motivate (deficit principle) Once a need is satisfied it can no longer be used to motivate (deficit principle) The 5 needs must be satisfied in order 1 to 5 (progression principle) The 5 needs must be satisfied in order 1 to 5 (progression principle)

9. How to Motivate – Douglas MacGregor Theory X Dislike work Avoid responsibility Avoid work Work only for money Are lazy Preferred to be told what and how Theory Y Enjoy work Keen to work Enjoy responsibility /challenges Get bored if work is ‘routine’ Can and will work well ‘autonomously’

10. How would the working environment differ for theory X and Y employees? What types of work may be more suited to each type?

11. Which type are you??!! Which type are you??!!

12. Motivation - Taylor Developed ‘scientific management’ Developed ‘scientific management’ People only driven by money People only driven by money People should be controlled and directed like a machine People should be controlled and directed like a machine Each job should be broken down into small ‘standardised tasks. Each job should be broken down into small ‘standardised tasks. Piece rates should be used to allow maximum wages Piece rates should be used to allow maximum wages Today, Taylor has many critics Today, Taylor has many critics

13. Motivation theories - summary Maslow – emphasises individual needs Maslow – emphasises individual needs MacGregor – focuses on the type of person? MacGregor – focuses on the type of person? Taylor – emphasises motivation by money alone, treats people as ‘machine’ – scientific management Taylor – emphasises motivation by money alone, treats people as ‘machine’ – scientific management

14. What determines choice of occupation Money Money Profit share Profit share Job Security Job Security Interest/Passion Interest/Passion Challenge Challenge Fringe Benefits Fringe Benefits Value to Value to

15. How to Motivate … Money Money Fringe Benefits Fringe Benefits Respect and Self Esteem Respect and Self Esteem Involvement Involvement Empowerment Empowerment Status Status Working conditions Working conditions