1. Progressivism
U.S. History 2011

2. What is Progressivism? Reform Movement from 1900-1920
Reform minded people wanting a better life
To correct problems that were caused by industrialization
Wanting “progress” in social, economic, and Political areas
Usually Native born, middle to upper class, college educated

3. Origins of Progressivism
Eliminate Corruption in Government
Establish a More Efficient Government
More Governmental Regulation of the Economy

4. Origins of Progressivism
Expanded role of government in protecting the human welfare
Prohibit or Limit Child Labor
Working Conditions of Women
Establish Minimum Wage
Work-Place Safety
Limit Working Hours
Caring for Injured Workers
Assistance for Unemployed

5. Populist to Progressive
Populists
Progressives
Opposed Monopolies
Government Intervention
Protect the Consumer
Direct Election of Senators
Graduated Income Tax
Unsafe Working Conditions
Bad Sanitation
Political machines

6. Populist to Progressive
Populists
Progresives
Rural Movement
Farmers
Lower-Middle Class Wokers
Middle-Upper Class
College Educated
Men & Women
Social Workers, Engineers, Writers, Teachers, Doctors, Lawyers, Ministers, etc.

7. Muckrakers Who are they? Name given by Teddy Roosevelt:
Investigative Journalists that exposed the problems in society in an attempt to bring about reform
Name given by Teddy Roosevelt:
“too busy raking at the muck at their feet and ignored the glories of the heavens above”

8. Muckrakers Ida Tarbell: Frank Norris:
History of the Standard Oil Company
Frank Norris:
The Octopus

9. Muckrakers Jacob Riis: Lincoln Steffens: How the Other Half Lives
The Shame of the Cities

10. Muckrakers
Upton Sinclair:
The Jungle

11. Progressive Legislation
Local Reforms:
Commission System
EX: Galveston Texas 1901(Hurricane)
Council Manager Plan
EX: Dayton Ohio 1913 and Staunton, Virginia
Mayors
EX: Tom Johnson, Cleveland, Ohio

12. Progressive Legislation
State Reforms:
Direct Primary: election where voters choose candidates who will later run in a general election
Secret Ballet
17th Amendment: Direct Election of Senators

13. Progressive Legislation
State Reforms:
Initiative: allows voters to introduce NEW legislation by gathering signatures on a petition
Referendum: allows voters to CHANGE a law already in place
Recall: allows voters to REMOVE an elected official from office by holding a new election

14. Progressive Legislation
Federal Reforms:
16th Amendment
17th Amendment
18th Amendment
19th Amendment
Meat Inspection Act
Pure Food and Drug Act

15. Reformers and Reform Movements: Robert M. La Follete
Progressive Wisconsin Governor
“Fighting Bob”
Instituted:
Direct Primary
Taxed RR and Utility Co.
Created Commissions to regulate corporations

16. Reformers and Reform Movements: Florence Kelly
Social worker at Hull House
Fought to improve women’s work hrs.
Muller V. Oregon, 1908
10 Hour Workday

17. Reformers and Reform Movements: W.E.B. DuBois
“Souls of Black Folks”
Co-founder of the NAACP
Fought for Equal Rights for African-Americans

18. Reformers and Reform Movements: Booker T. Washington
Blacks needed useful labor skills
“Prove to be a value to society”
Tuskegee Institute, Alabama

19. Reformers and Reform Movements: Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU)
Group that led the fight against alcohol
Fought for “Prohibition”
Believed alcohol was responsible for unemployment, crime, and break up of families
Led by Francis Williard
Entered saloons, singing, praying and urging to stop selling alcohol
Led to the passage of 18th Amendment

20. Reformers and Reform Movements: National Women Suffrage Association
(NWSA)
Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony
Pushed for the “right to vote”

21. Progressive Presidents: Theodore “Teddy” Roosevelt
Before Presidency:
Vice President (Under McKinley)
NY State Legislature
Governor of New York
Secretary of Navy
Rough Riders

22. Teddy Roosevelt Saw Presidency as a “Bully Pulpit”
Conservation a primary concern
148 million acres forest reserve
50 wildlife sanctuaries
National Parks
U.S. Forest Service
Newland Act 1902

23. Teddy Roosevelt- The “Trustbuster”
Breaking up Monopolies
Distinguished b/w “Good” and “Bad” Trusts
Kept an eye on the “good” monopolies
Filed 44 anti-trust lawsuits against “Bad” corporations
Northern Securities Company (RR)

27. Teddy Roosevelt Settling Strikes Square Deal TR’s 1904 Campaign Slogan
United Mine Workers (UMW) Strike
Roosevelt urged Arbitration
Settlement?
TR’s 1904 Campaign Slogan
Be Fair in dealing with unions, businesses, and consumers

28. Progressive Presidents: William Howard Taft
Filed 90 anti-trust suits
Presidency as “administrative post”
Payne-Aldrich Tariff
Ballinger-Pinchot Affair
Dollar Diplomacy

29. Progressive Election of 1912
Republican Nominee:
Taft
Progessive Nominee:
Teddy Roosevelt

32. Progressive Presidents: Woodrow Wilson
Clayton Anti-Trust Act
Federal Trade Commission
Federal Reserve System
16th and 19th Amendments
Moral Diplomacy

35. Election of 1916 Slogan “He kept us out of war”
Women supported their country which led to passage of the 19th amendment in 1920
This was final act of Progressive Era
WWI broke out in Europe in 1914; USA entered in 1917