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Published byCordelia Lindsey Modified over 9 years ago
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ELEMENTS OF A STORY SHORT STORY BASICS
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UNIT TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Plot 2. Setting 3. Characterization 4. Point of View 5. Theme and other style techniques
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PLOT A.Exposition-Types of Conflict B.Rising Action C.Climax D.Falling Action E.Resolution
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PLOT THE SERIES OF EVENTS IN THE STORY
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EXPOSITION Introduces the setting and provides background information. Conflict is introduced as well.
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RISING ACTION Conflict becomes more complex. Suspense keeps the reader engaged.
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CLIMAX Turning point of the story
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FALLING ACTION the action slows and the loose ends “fall into place ”
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RESOLUTION Conflict is resolved
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PLOT DIAGRAM
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CONFLICT-TENSION OR PROBLEMS IN A STORY Internal- Struggles within his/her own mind. man vs. himself External- Struggles a character must deal with outside of himself or herself Man vs. man Man vs. nature Man vs. society
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PLOT EFFECTS Suspense- The tension a reader feels as conflicts and complications grow in a story Foreshadowing- Clues given in a story that may indicate the outcome of a plot. Flashback- When the sequence of events in a story is interrupted to return to an earlier event.
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SETTING Time and place of the story- The mood- The feeling of the story Time- Time of day, day of week, year etc. Location-The building, region, country Atmosphere- The weather or psychological feeling Historical setting- Historical events that happened when story was set.
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CHARACTERIZATION A. Types of Characters 1.Protagonist 2.Antagonist 3.Flat/Round 4.Static/Dynamic B. Methods of characterization 1. Direct 2. Indirect
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TYPES OF CHARACTERS
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PROTAGONIST VS ANTAGONIST Protagonist is the character all of the action revolves around (Don’t say “main character”) Antagonist is the character or force working against the protagonist
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FLAT VS ROUND Flat character are characters in a story that we know little about. Round characters are characters with many traits
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STATIC VS DYNAMIC Static characters do not change in a story Dynamic characters experience some personal change in the story. Ex. learn a lesson, feel regret, become confident etc.
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AUTHOR’S METHOD FOR MAKING A CHARACTER COME TO LIFE Direct Characterization The author writes specific character traits. Ex.“He was a man who did not fear death.” Indirect Characterization The author uses one of the following to reveal character traits- What the character says directly What another character in the story says about them. What the character does
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CHARACTER AND STYLE Foil- A character who contrasts with the main character. Epiphany- A sudden realization for a character that may help them resolve the conflict
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POINT OF VIEW The perspective from which the story is told
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FIRST PERSON POINT OF VIEW The narrator is the character in the story. “I”
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THIRD PERSON, LIMITED The narrator, who is not a character in the story, tells the story from the outside, from the perspective of ONE character
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THIRD PERSON, OMNISCIENT The narrator, who is not a character in the story, tells the story from the outside, from the perspective of several characters. The narrator is all knowing.
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THEME A central idea or message of the story. The author’s central idea is ________________________ or The author’s message of this story is ____________ This is not one word. Ex. Revenge This should not be a cliché ex. “Blood is thicker than water.”
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STREAM OF CONSCIOUSNESS A literary style that presents a character's continuous random flow of thoughts as they arise. It is a technique an author uses to “get inside a character’s head” These thoughts are usually expressed in a flow of words without transitions
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STREAM OF CONSCIOUSNESS VS. OTHER STYLES
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IRONY
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