1. Articles of Confederation 1777

2. Strengths Land Ordinance 1785 & NW Ordinance 1787

3. Congress - raise an army & declare war...Sort of…..

4. Make treaties w/Foreign countries

5. Borrow & print money

6. Weaknesses

7. 1 vote for each state

8. No Chief Executive (president)

9. Laws - 9 of 13 states

10. Taxes - only ‘request’ money

11. No FEDERAL Court System

12. Amendments (change) Articles of Confederation all 13 states

13. Shay’s Rebellion

14. Constitutional Convention

15. 2 plans Virginia & New Jersey

16. BIG STATES vs. little states

17. Roger Sherman THE GREAT COMPROMISE

18. 2 house congress (bicameral) Senate = 2 per state House of Reps = by Population

19. Conflict Slavery representation & taxes?

20. 3/5 Compromise

21. James Madison = Father of Constitution

22. Federalism = Power ÷ national & states

23. Federalist vs Antifederalists

24. Federalist – supported Constitution Antifederalist – did not support Constitution

25. Leaders John Jay George Washington James Madison Alexander Hamilton

26. The Federalist 85 essays by John Jay, Alexander Hamilton, & James Madison

27. Federalist argument Protections = Checks & Balances

28. Separation of Powers & Limited Government

29. Antifederalist –Feared the govt. would serve interests of rich –Doubted central govt. could efficiently run a large country BIG ISSUE –No Bill of Rights listed for individual citizens

30. Antifederalist = Thomas Jefferson Patrick Henry & Sam Adams

31. Federalist promised a Bill of Rights Antifederalists ran out of arguments

32. Bill of Rights Sept. 1789 1 st 10 Amendments 1 – 8 amendments Personal Liberties 9&10 amendments general limits on Government powers

33. 1 st Freedom of religion, speech, press & political activity

34. 2 nd Right to bear arms

35. 3 rd No Quartering of Troops

36. 4 th No unreasonable search & seizure

37. 5 th

38. 6 th speedy public trial

39. 6 th cont. Impartial jury Informed of what you’re accused Confront witnesses

40. 7 th Right to a trial by jury

41. 8 th No Excessive Bail or Fines No Cruel or Unusual Punishment

42. 9 th Just bc its not in the Bill of Rights does not mean you do not have that right

43. 10 th Not given 2 the Federal Govt TEN it is given to the states

44. 11 th you can’t sue another state

45. 12 th Electoral College

46. 13 th, 14 th, & 15 th Freedom, citizenship, & voting

47. 16th

48. Direct Election of Senators

49. Prohibition

50. Women’s suffrage

51. Lame Duck

52. Repealed 18 th

53. Presidential Tenure

54. Washington D.C., Can vote

55. Poll Tax

56. President succession

57. 18 year olds can vote

58. Congressional Pay