2. JEOPARDY Ch 11 Ch 11 Meso- America

3. Categories 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 Mesoamerica Aztecs The Maya The Inca The Inca 100 200 300 400 500 Important Events Vocabular y

4. Who were the Aztecs? They were also called the Mexica who penetrated in to the sedentary agricultural zone of Mexico after the Toltec collapse and established an empire around 1325.

5. What was Tula? This was the Toltec capital in northern Mexico.

6. Who was Topiltzin ? He was the religious leader and reformer of the Toltecs in the 10 th century who went into exile on the Yucatan Peninsula.

7. Who was Quetzalcoatl? This was the Toltec deity, later adopted by the Aztecs as the feathered serpent God.

8. What was Chichen Itza? This city-state on the Yucatan Peninsula was conquered by the Toltecs around 1000 C.E.

9. What was Indians ? This was the term that was a misnomer created by Columbus for Native Americans when he thought he had reached the Indies.

10. What was Tenochtitlan? This city founded in 1325 on a marshy island in Lake Texcoco, became the center of Aztec power.

11. What was the “ flowery death” “ or look at the pretty knif arrrhhhh” ? This was a name given to the impending death of prisoners while taking them to be victims of the Aztec sacred knife.

12. Who were the Tlaxcala? This was an independent rival kingdom that competed and fought with the Aztecs.

13. Daily Double “Don’t Choke!”

14. Who were the Olmecs? These were the first civilized people of Central America and passed on many of their features to successor civilizations. These were the first civilized people of Central America and passed on many of their features to successor civilizations.

15. Who were the order of the Eagle and the order of the Jaguar? These were two of the orders of Aztec Knights that were closely identified with the cult of sacrifice and the military.

16. What were chinampas ? They were beds of aquatic weeds, mud and earth placed in frames made of cane and rooted in lakes to create floating islands.

17. Who were the Olmecs, Chavin and Toltecs? These were the three Native American groups that preceded the Incas and the Aztecs. These were the three Native American groups that preceded the Incas and the Aztecs..

18. W ho were the Maya people? They were the Native Americans of the Yucatan Peninsula who developed a sophisticated calendar and counting system based on 20 that included 0.

19. What was the City State? This was the type of political unit or organization favored by both the Aztecs and the Mayans.

20. Who was Nezhualcoyotl? He was the leading Aztec King of the 15 th Century?

21. W ho were the pochteca ? They were a special merchant class in Aztec society specializing in long distance trade of luxury items.

22. Who was Pachacuti? He He was the Inca ruler associated with the first creation of the Inca empire in 1438.

23. What were Tambos? They were the way stations along the roads in the Inca empire.

24. W hat was Quechua? This was the language of the Incas.

25. Daily Double “Don’t Choke!”

26. What was the Quipu? They were a series of knotted strings utilized by the Incas in place of a writing system.

27. What was the Twantinsuyu? This was what the Inca called their civilization that flourished in the Andean region of Chile and Peru and domesticated the llama.

28. What was the mita? This was a word for the labor extracted for lands assigned to the state and the religion, and all communities were expected to contribute.

29. What is Lake Titicaca? This is the This is the lake that is the highest in elevation and was the southern most point reached by early Incan conquest and a favorite among High School boys.

30. What was split inheritance ? This Incan practice stated that all titles and political power went to a successor but lands and wealth went to the male descendants to support the cult of the dead ancestor’s mummy.

31. Who was Hernan Cortez? He He led an expedition of 600 Spanish conquistadors to the coast of Mexico in 1519 and defeated the Aztecs.

32. What was a road system? What extensive network did the Incas build that connected the Empire.

33. What were the calpulli? These were clans in Aztec society that later expanded into residential groups that distributed land and provided warriors and laborers.

34. Who was Topac Yupanqui? He was the son of one of the early Incan rulers who conquered the northern kingdom of Chimor and extended the Empire into Ecuador.

35. What was Inca Socialism? This was a view of Inca society created by Spanish authors that described the labor and contributions for the collective good as a type of Utopia.