1. Patterns of intra-urban migration leading to gentrification, ghettoisation and student districts

2. Aims To recap urban models To consider why intra-urbanisation occurs
To understand the process of gentrification through the case study of Notting Hill
To define ghettoisation
To investigate Ghettoisation in the USA and the UK
To understand the impacts studentification is having on cities such as Cardiff and Bristol

3. Remember this…..

4. Remember this…..

5. Task Using Waugh, draw and take notes on The Burgess Concentric Model
The Hoyt Model

6. Model of low and middle income life cycles
Therefore socio economic groupings can develop

7. Reasons for movements in Urban Areas
Personal Changes – family size, career change, opportunities, personal aspirations, area changing
Low cost rents and low quality housing in the inner city area – students, ethnic groups and low income families
When income increases often move to bigger houses in the suburbs
Highest incomes often live on expensive housing estates in the suburbs or in surrounding villages
Some areas have seen a regeneration of the CBD with richer people moving back in

8. Photos of each land use zone
Look at two models and do quiz...

9. To what extent does Cardiff look like either the Burgess or Holt model?
Describe the city
and compare the
two models. Are
there any major
zones that are
the same or
different?
Use your worksheet with this map and describe each place – housing etc. Open space, land use

10. Where do people live?
The location of your chosen home can often depend on your age and economic position. Match these people with their housing type and the area they live in.
How does intra-urban migration lead to the development of student districts/ghettos?
Intra-urban migration

11. Start here...
Wednesday 6th Feb

12. Studentification and ghettoisation in Cardiff
A ghetto is a portion of a city where the population is almost exclusively made up of a single ethnic or cultural minority eg black or Puerto Rican Harlem in New York
This tends to be because of social, legal or economic pressure

13. Segregation:

14. Cardiff Wards
Use the census data to identify the social and cultural differences found within Cardiff.
Try to identify ghettos and student districts

15. Answer these questions…
Which ward has the highest number of students? State the number.
Which ward has the second highest number of students? State the number.
Which ward has the highest number of ethnic minorities? State the number.
Which ward has the lowest number of ethnic minorities? State the no.
Which ward is the most affluent? State the no in AB/C1 band.
Which ward has the highest no on state benefit? State the no.
Which ward has the lowest no on state benefit? State the no.
Which ward would you describe as a ghetto?
Which ward has seen studentification?

16. Label the map of Cardiff – outlining its social and cultural structure.

19. Homework : What did we find out?
1. How does the social and cultural structure of settlements (Cardiff) vary [and why]?
2. Pattern of intra-urban migration leading to ghettoisation and student districts – what wards show elements of these two? 3.
What are the causes of the different social and cultural make up of cities? (Cardiff):

20. 3. Causes of the different social and cultural make up of cities (Cardiff):
The social structure of Cardiff is influenced by :
Intra – urban migration = the movement of people within an urban area.
Filtering - process by which social groups move out of a designated area, which often changes the social nature of the area. Eg ethnic groups from Cardiff bay after regeneration.
Increasing mobility – people can travel in cars to places of work ...commuting is common so people live near people they want to.eg Pentyrch
Increased income – people can move to commuter/suburbanised villages on the outskirts of cities – cost is high but they can afford it
Planning decisions eg regeneration of Cardiff Bay area and building of student flats near Gabalfa.
Proximity to water – Cardiff bay is now attractive as a bay destination with leisure and recreational users.
Height of land and prevailing wind can also influence who lives where!