1. Schism, Russia, & Decline Unit 2, SSWH 4 c, e, & b

2. What was the impact of the Byzantine and Mongol empires?

3. SSWH 4 c, e, & b Explain the Great Schism of 1054 CE. Explain the Ottoman Empire’s role in the decline of Byzantium and the capture of Constantinople in 1453 CE. Describe the relationship between the Roman and Byzantine Empires; include the impact Byzantium had on Moscow and the Russian Empire, the effect of Byzantine culture on Tsar Ivan III and Kiev, and the rise of Constantinople as a center for law, religion, and the arts.

4. Emperor Constantine Victorious after praying & wearing the cross on uniforms became a Christian Edict of Milan: ended persecution of Christians 380 AD, Emperor Theodosius declared Christianity the official religion

5. Schism Schism: Division of the Christian Church Catholicism in the West (Pope in Rome) & Orthodox in the East (Patriarch in Constantinople) Distance changes churches Roman Pope & Byzantine Emperor fought over icons Pope excommunicated the emperor (kicked out of the church), Pope wanted icons 1054 Church splits

6. Russia & Byzantium Russia became increasingly more Greek (Byzantine) because of trade & religion Cyrillic Alphabet: created by Byzantine missionaries for Russians by Methodius & Cyril (used to spread Christianity with a Bible)

7. Kiev: Major trading city Sailed to Byzantium Religion of Byzantine(Greek Orthodox) – emperor Vladimir became ruler of church & state (influenced him & his ruling) Political marriages were made (Emperor Yarsolav & Ivan III) Yaroslav created a legal code like Justinian Code Fell Apart: sons of Yaroslav fought for control when he retired

8. Moscow & Czar Ivan III Moscow: combined cultures (Byzantine, Viking, Mongol), center of trade & religion Ivan III: took Russian name Czar for Caesar challenged Mongol rule & won (freed Moscow from foreign control)

9. Decline of Byzantine Massive plagues, riots, religious quarrels, invasions: start the decline Leaders of Byzantine & Russia used bribes, diplomacy, political marriages, & the military to prevent invasions from foes Ottoman Turks, Seljuks, overran empire Ottomans capture Constantinople 1453 & Byzantine empire falls

10. 3 – 2 – 1 3: Name 3 influences that the Byzantines had on Russia. 2: Name 2 main causes for the fall of the Byzantine Empire. 1: What is one thing that split the church? 5 minutes Jot Down – Prepare and Share