1. NAME: __________________________ Carbons with different elements join to make _______________________ “Organic” means a molecule contains _______________ Since carbon has 4 valence electrons it can make ______ bonds - great for bonding! The three basic shapes of carbon molecules ___________ Word Bank: Carbon Four Straight Macromolecules Monomers Branched Polymers Ring Basic terms meaning “building blocks” of molecules: ____________________ Many small units bonded together make:

2. Dehydration Synthesis (Condensation Reaction) Dehydration Synthesis (Condensation Reaction) Hydrolysis Is how larger molecules are for example Is how larger molecules are by So bonds in So bonds can be made between Are broken down into To build up For example Can use more than once Removing water Polymers Monomers Adding water Built up Broken down Starch  glucose+ glucose+ glucose Glucose + fructose  sucrose.

3. Carbohydrates v v v v v v v v v v v v v v Foods Found in plants for Means 1 sugar Different levels of complexity Used for Means many sugar Means 2 sugars examples Found in plants for Found in animals for v v v v Found in insects for Glycogen Sugar Starch Sucrose chitin Short term energy storage Fructose Cellulose Disaccharide Cell wall Polysaccharide Structure Energy Fruit Glucose Lactose Pasta Storage Exoskeleton Monosaccharide Milk v v

4. Lipids (Which means they do not mix with water) 1. 2. 3. 1. 2. 3. 1. 2. 3. 4. 1. 2. 3. 4. foods All lipids are Are used for 3 groups or classes of lipids are Made of Examples v v and Which can be v v v v Solid at room temp Liquid at room temp and contains v v v v have 4 fused rings and makes up v v v v v v v v v v v v Used for v v Examples If there is too much it can lead to Component of v v

5. Lipid word bank: Oils Triglyceride Hydrophobic Steroids Cholesterol Insulation Cell membranes Protection Testosterone Unsaturated Butter Waxes Fatty acids Estrogen Saturated Long term energy storage Hormones Component of cell membrane fats Avocado Glycerol Cardiovascular Disease ( Heart Disease) Cell membrane Chemical Signals Steak

6. Proteins 1. 2. 3. 4. 1. 2. 3. 4. 1. 2. 3. 1. 2. 3. Foods Used for Made up of Which have the following chemical structure(draw) To make polypeptides which can then form Build up by forming these bonds Word bank for proteins: Peptide bonds 20 amino acids Proteins Meat Hormones (chemical signals) Structure (hair and nails) Dairy Eggs Beans Enzymes

7. Test for Organic Molecules Use indicators To Test for Lipids Protein Carbohydrates Heat For 5 minutes Heat For 5 minutes On paper it will it will Mixed with + Positive results Negative results Word Bank Biuret Solution Heat for 5 min Orange Proteins Make it look waxy Purple brown Blue Benedict’s Solution Starch Simple monosaccharaides Iodine Blue/black Lipids Sudan Red IV Get spotted