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Computer Architecture and Organization Introduction.

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Presentation on theme: "Computer Architecture and Organization Introduction."— Presentation transcript:

1 Computer Architecture and Organization Introduction

2 Computers have a complex structure

3 Architecture and Organization Architecture is those attributes visible to the programmer —Instruction set, number of bits used for data representation, I/O mechanisms, addressing techniques. —e.g. Is there a multiply instruction? Organization is how features are implemented —Control signals, interfaces, memory technology. —e.g. Is there a hardware multiply unit or is it done by repeated addition?

4 Architecture and Organization All Intel x86 family share the same basic architecture The IBM System/370 family share the same basic architecture This gives code compatibility —At least backwards Organization differs between different versions

5 Structure and Function Structure is the way in which components relate to each other Function is the operation of individual components as part of the structure

6 Function All computer functions are: —Data processing —Data storage —Data movement —Control

7 Functional View

8 Operations: Data movement

9 Operations: Storage

10 Operation: Processing from/to storage

11 Operation: Processing from storage to I/O

12 Structure - Top Level Computer Main Memory Input Output Systems Interconnection Peripherals Communication lines Central Processing Unit Computer

13 Structure - The CPU Computer Arithmetic and Login Unit Control Unit Internal CPU Interconnection Registers CPU I/O Memory System Bus CPU

14 Structure - The Control Unit CPU Control Memory Control Unit Registers and Decoders Sequencing Logic Unit Control Unit ALU Registers Internal Bus Control Unit


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