1. Literary Elements & Devices English 9

2. Class Business 1. Take out your composition book & glue stick. 2. Take out your signed syllabus sheet and plagiarism paper. 3. Write your name on the cover of the composition book. 4. Fold your syllabus in half and glue it, blank side down, in your composition book.

3. Your Assignment 1.Group assignments 2.Groups: Log on to the desktop at your table 3.Go to http://mrsdavis.homestead.com 1.Look for today’s agenda 2.Your assignment is listed.

4. 1.Fold the paper in half HAMBURGER. 2.Fold the paper again in half HAMBURGER (4 sections). 3.Unfold back one fold. 4.Cut a little more than HALFWAY down the middle fold. 5.Completely unfold. 6.Refold HOT DOG. 7.Fold again, hamburger. 8.Fold AGAIN hamburger. 9.Unfold to the hot dog. 10.Pull the middle out, creating the book. WARM-UP: Create FOUR Booklets

5. Once you have made your four booklets, label them on the covers with your name and the following (one per book): ELEMENTS OF FICTION – fill in today WRITING PROMPT VERBS PLOT PROGRESSION – fill in today LITERARY DEVICES Hang on to these – they will be your own set of reference books to use all year. WARM-UP: Create FOUR Booklets

6. Review What is Fiction? Short Stories Novels Author’s Purpose? Which pertains to fiction?

7. There are two different styles of fiction writing: Commercial and Literary –Commercial Fiction- Written and published primarily to make money. Examples- legal thrillers, romance novels, fantasy, and horror. These are often the big bestsellers. Stephen King is a commercial author. Who else is probably a commercial author? –Literary Fiction- Written by someone with serious artistic intentions who hopes to broaden, deepen, and sharpen the reader’s awareness of life. Think of the classics. Edgar Allen Poe is a literary author. Who else might be a literary author?

8. NOTES: The Elements of Fiction Plot: the sequence of events in a story (what happens?) Conflict: the struggle between two opposing forces (usually the center of the plot) Character: the people, animals, or other active participants in the story Theme: the central idea of the story – what truth does the story reveal? Setting: the time, place, and season in which the story takes place Point of View: the vantage point from which the author has decided to tell the story.

9. NOTES: The Six Stages of a Plot 1. Exposition – the introduction that gives background about the characters and reveals the setting. 2. Narrative Hook – the moment that catches the reader’s attention and establishes the conflict. 3. Rising Action - introduction of complications, building suspense, developing the conflict in detail. 4. Climax – the turning point of the story, where the suspense reaches a peak. This is when the outcome of the story is decided. 5. Falling Action – the outcome of the climax. 6. Resolution - the ending of the story.

10. Review: Can you fill it in? Complete a blank plot diagram like the one below with the six stages of plot development:

11. Point of View Point of View is simply who is telling the story. First Person: One of the characters is telling the story. Uses the pronouns “I” and “we” to talk about him/herself. Other characters are called by name or “he/she/they”. The reader only knows what the person telling the story knows. Omniscient: This means ‘all knowing’. The story is told in third person by a narrator who has unlimited knowledge of events and characters. The narrator can see inside the minds of the characters. They NEVER use “I” or “We”. Third Person Limited: The narrator only knows how one person in the story feels. Second Person: Uses the pronoun “you”. Infrequently used. Allows the reader to become the protagonist in the story.

12. WHAT IS Characterization? Characterization is the process of revealing the personality of a character in a story. It is how the character is presented to the reader. Indirect Characterization is taking clues from the author to figure out for yourself what the character is like. (Making a judgment.) Direct Characterization is when the author says exactly what the character’s personality is like.

13. Vocabulary Review Define in your comp book: Antagonist Protagonist Dilemma Suspense Theme Tone Mood

14. Setting The setting of a story is the where, when and under what circumstances the story occurs. Setting as Place - the physical environment where the story takes place. Can be real or imaginary. Setting as Time - includes time in all of its dimensions. This could be a time in history, a time of day, season of the year, etc. This could be the past, present, or future. Setting as Cultural Context - the social circumstances of the time and place. The story may be effected by the historical events and political issues of the time.

15. One More Thing About the Setting… Every story has a MOOD. The MOOD is the atmosphere or feeling of the story. How do YOU respond to the events as you read them? The setting is an important way to set the mood in a piece of fiction.

16. In the Future: We will review our last agenda Turn in assignments Look at our new agenda You will work in your groups in class. Be responsible and work with your group. If you are removed from your group, you will have to complete the work alone.