1. ©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers. The Art of Being Human, 7/e Chapter 11 – RELIGION PowerPoint by Julie Rodakowski

2. ©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers. A phenomenon found in all cultures and all periods as a recognition of the universal need to believe or disbelieve in a higher order. RELIGION—

3. ©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers. POLYTHEISM = BELIEF IN MANY GODS Egypt — Kings were worshipped as gods Egypt — Kings were worshipped as gods India — Many gods were worshipped—mortal & immortal India — Many gods were worshipped—mortal & immortal Diyaus Pita -- the main god Diyaus Pita -- the main god Prithivi -- the earth mother Prithivi -- the earth mother Indra -- god of storms and war Indra -- god of storms and war Varuna -- god of the sky Varuna -- god of the sky Brahma -- the Creator of all that exists Brahma -- the Creator of all that exists Shiva --the Destroyer of all that exists Shiva -- the Destroyer of all that exists Vishnu -- the Preserver of existence Vishnu -- the Preserver of existence

4. ©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers. Greece & Rome — Greece & Rome — Many gods were worshipped — mortal & immortal Many gods were worshipped — mortal & immortal Larger-than-life versions of human beings: Bringers of truth and wisdom: Greece — Zeus & his wife, Hera Greece — Zeus & his wife, Hera Rome — Jupiter & his wife, Juno Rome — Jupiter & his wife, Juno Greece — Athena & Apollo Greece — Athena & Apollo Rome — Minerva & Apollo Rome — Minerva & Apollo

5. ©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers. Hinduism — the universal soul (braham) Hinduism — the universal soul (braham) Buddhism — an enlightened soul Buddhism — an enlightened soul Buddha (Siddhartha) was the first enlightened soul, and he described the Eightfold Path so that others might achieve this enlightenment (nirvana) Buddha (Siddhartha) was the first enlightened soul, and he described the Eightfold Path so that others might achieve this enlightenment (nirvana) Zen Buddhism — an enlightened soul achieved by meditation Zen Buddhism — an enlightened soul achieved by meditation Bodhidharma was the Hindu monk who started it Taoism — individual people seek to lead lives in harmony with The Way. Taoism — individual people seek to lead lives in harmony with The Way. Lao-tzu was the originator BELIEF IN AN IMPERSONAL DIETY

6. ©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers. MONOTHEISM = BELIEF IN ONE GOD BELIEF IN ONE GOD JUDAISM — God JUDAISM — God CHRISTIANITY — God / Jesus CHRISTIANITY — God / Jesus ISLAM — Allah ISLAM — Allah

7. ©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers. HINDUISM — HINDUISM — BUDDHISM — The Eightfold Path BUDDHISM — The Eightfold Path TAOISM — Tao Te Ching TAOISM — Tao Te Ching JUDAISM — The Hebrew Bible, Talmud, & Torah JUDAISM — The Hebrew Bible, Talmud, & Torah CHRISTIANITY — The Christian Bible CHRISTIANITY — The Christian Bible ISLAM —The Qur’an ISLAM — The Qur’an Vedas — sacred works revealed to mortals Vedas — sacred works revealed to mortals Upanishads — philosophical dialogues between holy men and their students. Upanishads — philosophical dialogues between holy men and their students. Bhagavad-Gita — philosophical views on both human and divine existence. Bhagavad-Gita — philosophical views on both human and divine existence. THE WRITTEN WORD:

8. ©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers. The link between the two is visible in all aspects of the humanities, including Art Art Literature Literature Music Music Architecture Architecture Film Film RELIGION & THE HUMANITIES