1. The Story of Apartheid
By Mzoli Mncanca

2. ” I am an African. I owe my being to the hills and the valleys, the mountains and the glades, the rivers, the deserts, the trees, the flowers, the seas and the ever-changing seasons that define the face of our native land” Thabo Mbeki
Africa
By Mzoli Mncanca

3. The map of South Africa
By Mzoli Mncanca

4. In the Beginning SA was…..
Colonized by English and Dutch in 17th century
English domination of Dutch (Afrikaners) led to Dutch creating new colonies
1900-Diamonds discovery led to English invasion and war between English and Dutch (Anglo-Boer War)
After gaining independence from England, Afrikaner National Party gained majority in 1940s
1948-National Party implemented apartheid to establish white domination and separation of races
1960s- “Grand Apartheid” established- “territorial separation and police repression”
By Mzoli Mncanca
Mzoli Mcanca

5. What is Apartheid? Afrikaans word for Separation of races
i.e. Black, White, Coloured,and Indian
Practical separation of residential areas
Separation of public institutions e.g. schools and hospitals.
Separation of jobs, ”jobs for whites only”
Separate use of facilities like toilets, chairs, bus stops, stair-cases etc.
By Mzoli Mncanca
Mzoli Mcanca

6. Going Deeper Into Apartheid…
1950-Population Registration Act
-Divided South Africans into white, black (Africans), and colored (mixed descent)
-Based on appearance, social acceptance, and descent
-Blacks-forced to carry “pass books” holding fingerprints, photograph, and information on access to non-black areas
1948-Racism institutionalized
-Marriage between blacks and whites prohibited
-”white-only” jobs authorized
By Mzoli Mncanca

7. Homelands
Land Act of 1953: deprived blacks of the right to own land and moved them onto “homelands”
By Mzoli Mncanca
Mzoli Mcanca 7

8. 1951 Bantu Authorities Act
Created basis for ethnic government in African reserves or “homelands”
Blacks had no rights in South Africa. Their rights were restricted to the so called “homelands”.
The White Government had complete control over the homelands.
By Mzoli Mncanca

9. 1953- Public Safety Act and Criminal Law Amendment Act
Gave government power to declare states of emergency, increase punishments for protesting against or supporting repeal of a law: fines, imprisonment, whippings
1960-Government declared state of emergency when large group of blacks in Sharpeville refused to carry their passes (native ID)
Emergency lasted for 156 days, 69 people dead and 187 people wounded
By Mzoli Mncanca

10. Various laws applied in the use of public facilities, like chairs, toilets, bus stops, stair-cases etc.
By Mzoli Mncanca

11. At times it could be worse
By Mzoli Mncanca

12. Education
Bantu Education Act (1953) gave the central government control over African education
"Native education should be controlled in accord with the policy of the state If the native in South Africa today in any kind of school in existence is being taught to expect that he will live his adult life under a policy of equal rights, he is making a big mistake There is no place for him in the European community above the level of certain forms of labor." -Hendrik Verwoerd, Prime Minister
By Mzoli Mncanca
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13. Apartheid was highly effective at giving preferential treatment to whites
By Mzoli Mncanca

14. Student Uprising: 1976
Black students were forced to learn in Afrikaans.
Protests against Afrikaans started.
More than 500 black students killed by white policemen.
More than a thousand men, women and children wounded.
By Mzoli Mncanca

15. At least from 1976 until 1990, such headlines were common place in South African newspapers.
By Mzoli Mncanca
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16. A Struggle Against Apartheid
Important to remember:
Throughout the apartheid, there was a movement fighting against it…
African National Congress
Nelson Mandela- A key character in the fight for democracy
-Imprisoned for his political efforts
-President of ANC
-Released from prison in 1990
-First democratic president of
South Africa
May 10, 1994-
First Democratic Election
By Mzoli Mncanca

17. Nelson Mandela also votes April, 1994
By Mzoli Mncanca
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18. A Brief Timeline….
1948 Apartheid started. Whites were in the minority.
South African government did not care about being shunned by the rest of the world.
1961 South Africa became a republic.
By Mzoli Mncanca

19. 1976- More than 500 students killed
’s – repressive laws.
1976- More than 500 students killed
1980’s – violent opposition to White South African government. P.W. Botha main proponent of apartheid.
– massive violence
F. W. De Clerk reversed Botha’s policy and began the end to apartheid.
Blacks, colored, and Indians voted for the first time
By Mzoli Mncanca

20. 1996- New constitution adopted 1999- second elections
1994- Nelson Mandela was elected President in the country’s first democratic elections.
1996- New constitution adopted
1999- second elections
2000 – Truth & Reconciliation Commission – amnesty for whites to tell their stories
By Mzoli Mncanca

21. South Africa Today
Although the legacy of apartheid still prevails in South Africa, the country has moved on considerably. SA´s economy increased by 5% in In 2010 SA is hosting the biggest tournament, the soccer world cup.
By Mzoli Mncanca

22. Better life for all
Elder people and children under 15 years get a support grant.
Free Adult education
Health facilities are free to all
Basic services like water, electricity, telephone are rendered
University education is available to many young people through government funding and other bursaries.
By Mzoli Mncanca

23. Towards Free Education
In 2007, up to 40% of schools offered free education.
By Mzoli Mncanca

24. National Nutrition Program
Feeds 1.6-million school children every day
Nearly 2000 school gardens with government, local and NGO support
By Mzoli Mncanca

25. But still more imbalances of the past need to be addressed to limit the gap between the rich and the poor.
The gap
By Mzoli Mncanca

26. Despite all the accomplishments, the victory over apartheid, the best constitution in the world, the 2010 soccer world cup, Nelson Mandela the global icon and the rest, One thing is evident: The is still a long way to go!!
By Mzoli Mncanca

27. References
Nelson Rolihahla Mandela. ANC African National Congress
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Apartheid Images: accesses from jgp on
Apartheid In South Africa accessed from on
By Mzoli Mncanca