1. The Russian Domain Setting the Boundaries Landforms and Climate
Historical Geography
Population and Settlement
Demographic and Health Crisis in Russia
Geopolitical Framework
Reminders: Exam III on Friday!
For Next Class: Read Chapter 10!

2. The Russian Domain
Figure 9.1

3. Images of Russia Moscow: International business center
Kamchatka Peninsula
Figure 9.0
Figure 9.4

4. Diverse Physical Landscapes
European West
Ural Mountains and Siberia
Taiga
Permafrost
Russian Far East
Caucasus and Transcaucasus
Northwestern Russia: Boreal Forest
Figure 9.1.1

5. What are the major climate types of Russia?

6. Main Climate Types of Russia
Midlatitude Steppe (BSk)
Cold Continental (D)
Humid continental (Dfb/Dwb)
Subarctic (Dfc/Dfd, Dwc/Dwd) – brutally cold in winter
Tundra (ET)

7. Climate
Figure 9.8

8. Agricultural Regions Harsh climates and poor soils:
Figure 9.9
Harsh climates and poor soils:
limits agricultural productivity

9. Diverse Landscapes Ukraine: agriculturally
productive land, wheat field
Caucasus Mountains:
rugged borderlands
Figure 9.10
Figure 9.11

10. Environmental Issues – Overview
Figure 9.5

11. Environmental Issues (cont’d)
Lake Baikal, Siberia:
Industrial pollution
Siberian lumber:
forest destruction
Figure 9.7
Figure 9.6

12. 2014 Olympic Games in Sochi, Russia
Host of a “Green” Winter Olympic Games
Figure 9.2.2
Figure 9.2.1
Sochi Region: potential
development damage

13. Population and Settlement
Figure 9.14

14. Migration Patterns
Figure 9.17

15. Migration Eastern Movement Political Motives Non-Russian immigrants
Figure 9.18
Eastern Movement
Trans-Siberian RR
BAM RR
Political Motives
Directed migration
Gulag Archipelago
Russification
Figure 9.4.1
Chinese immigrants

16. Demographic Crisis
When did the demographic and health crisis occur in Russia and what were the causes?

17. Demographic Crisis Persistently declining population
Low fertility rates
High death rates
Government incentives
Figure 9.21
Population pyramids

19. Russian males: 80 % drink and in self-reported survey, consume 5 bottles of vodka a week
Russian adult men and women together average 3 bottles of vodka a week (Eberstadt 1999)
1996, Russians died from accidental alcohol poisoning alone
(US is 300 /year)
+ all other deaths from injuries, etc.

21. Huge changes in income
inequality between 1988
and 1993!

22. AGE 0-64 YEARS, similar for IHD and cerebrovascular diseases
Lowest ones are Armenia, Lithuania, Estonia, Georgia
See decline in Russia in mid 1980s from anti-alcohol campaign, sharp rise to peak in 1994, and some decline but still above 1992 levels
Highest are Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, CAR, NIS

23. Cultural Coherence and Diversity
Figure 9.23

24. Historical Geography of Russia
Late 1400s – Russian Empire began to take shape
Ivan the Terrible ( )
Volga River basin, eastward into Siberia
Cossacks – group of semi-nomadic people helped eastward expansion
Peter the Great ( )
Moved capital to St. Petersburg on the Baltic Sea (known as a forward capital), incorporated Estonia, expanded into Central Asia
Catherine the Great ( )
Expanded into Crimean Peninsula, Black Sea Coast, and Caucasus Mts
1800s – Russia continued to expand eastward, also conquered Poles and Finns to the west
1892 construction of Trans-Siberian railroad, annexation of Manchuria
Largest territorially contiguous empire in the world!

25. Linguistic Diversity (cont’d)
Russians in Ukraine
Caucasus Region
Figure 9.26
Figure 9.28

26. Cultural Diversity Moscow Mosque Ukrainian singing star Figure 9.31

27. Current Geopolitical Framework
Figure 9.33

28. Natural Resources and Industry
Figure 9.38

29. Economic Globalization
Figure 9.41
Economic Globalization
Globalized consumer
Oil and gas industry
Regional differences
Russia’s expanding pipelines