2. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

3. Abraham Maslow In the 1930’s, the psychologist Abraham Maslow designed a pyramid to explain ‘basic health needs’. His study of psychology focused not on the mentally ill, but on positive mental health. Maslow studied exemplary people such as Eleanor Roosevelt, Albert Einstein, and Frederick Douglass when formulating his theory.

4. Basic Physical Needs

5. This includes the need for Food Drink Oxygen Sleep Warmth Sensory pleasure Maternal behaviour. If people are denied any of these needs, they may spend long periods of time looking for them.

6. Basic Physical Needs Safety and Security Needs

7. Once a persons basic needs have been met, their next concern is usually for safety and security, freedom from pain, threat from physical attack and protection from danger. These needs have to do with man's yearning for a predictable, orderly world in which injustice and inconsistency are under control, the familiar frequent, and the unfamiliar rare.

8. Basic Physical Needs Safety and Security Needs Love and Social Needs

9. Love and Social needs These include: a sense of belonging-familial bonds the need for social activities friendships and the giving and receiving of love. In the absence of these elements, many people become susceptible to loneliness, social anxiety, and depression. This need for belonging can often overcome the physiological and security needs, depending on the strength of the peer pressure.

10. Basic Physical Needs Love and emotional needs Safety and Security Needs Esteem needs

11. This includes the need to have self respect (involves the desire to have strength, confidence, independence, freedom and achievement) and esteem of others (involves having prestige, status, attention, recognition, reputation and appreciation from other people). People need to engage themselves to gain recognition and have an activity or activities that give the person a sense of contribution, to feel accepted and self-valued.

12. Basic Physical Needs Love and emotional needs Safety and Security Needs Self-esteem needs Self actualization needs Yes

13. Self actualization needs This is the development of and realization of a person’s full potential. (“Be all that you can be!”) all the other needs in the pyramid have to be achieved before a person can reach this stage. This final stage of psychological development comes when the individual feels assured that his/her physiological, security, affiliation and affection, self-respect, and recognition needs have been satisfied. Yes

14. Final thought ‘ Health is complete physical, mental and social well-being and not just the absence of disease or infirmity 1946 World Health Organisation Copy of Maslow's Pyramid of Needs.doc