1. Colonial Settlement

2.  Christopher Columbus  Ponce de Leon

3.  Wanted to take advantage of the great riches in China, thought he could sail straight across the Atlantic Ocean  Convinced the King and Queen of Spain to fund his journey across the ocean  Discovered land on October 12, 1492  Although Native Americans occupied the new land, Columbus had paved the way for exploration and colonization of the Americas

4.  Born in Spain, was a part of Columbus’s 2 nd voyage to the Americas  Discovered the island of Puerto Rico and became governor, two years later the king of Spain replaced him with Columbus’s son  Because of the king’s actions, Ponce de Leon set sail again  He landed in what is now St. Augustine, Florida, and claimed the land for Spain

6.  England and Spain had been heading toward war for years.  They were rivals in nearly every category.  Religion, territory, exploration.  The English finally achieved victory in 1604 and defeated the Spanish Armada.  England was now free to start colonies in North America, Spanish Naval Dominance was over.

7.  The first attempt at an English colony on Roanoke Island (coast of North Carolina) in 1585.  After two years, Captain John White decided to return to England for more supplies.  Upon return with more supplies, he had discovered that everyone was gone.  The only clue they found was the word Croatoan. The colonists were never seen again.

8. Why did they come? –In search for a better life. It was the first colony in the new world, located on an Island near the coast of North Carolina. The land was first explored by the English in 1585. They reported there were fish, animals, fruits, vegetables, and friendly Natives. Captain John White and over 100 English settlers came and formed the colony, even introduced the first English child born in the New World, Virginia Supplies were low and there were few farmers on the ships. White went back to England to get more supplies. Due to the war with Spain, he didn’t return to Roanoke for another 3 years. When he returned, Roanoke was completely empty, and no one knows what happened. Learn more about the mystery of Roanoke

9. The colonists brought fatal diseases with them to the new land. Very harsh winters. Lots of land for hunting and farming, but many of the colonists were not experienced doing either. Friendly Natives close by to trade with. Few supplies. They made brick out of clay for housing, and also used wood for cabins. Not much else is known about life in Roanoke due to the lack of survivors.

10. Jamestown- quick facts Why did they come? –In search of gold. In 1607, 105 wealthy men came from England to the New World and settled in Virginia. Jamestown was named after King James of England. Jamestown was unknowingly formed on a marsh (wet, low- lying land that is poorly drained). They created a fort surrounding the settlement for protection. This is where the famous John Smith settled, who was befriended by the Native American, Pocahontas.

11.  Jamestown became the first permanent English colony.  The town almost didn’t succeed. After a hard winter and Captain John Smith’s return to England, the colony failed to stockpile enough food. By early 1608 only 38 people were still alive.  When Tobacco from the West Indies was introduced it became a commercial success and guaranteed that Jamestown would survive.

12. Diseases continued to spread. Winters were harsh. The women were responsible for gardening, smoking meat, milking cows, making clothes and cleaning. They would can food and spin and weave thread. The men were responsible for planting crops, building fences, and butchering cattle and hogs. They never found real gold, but they grew tobacco which became very popular and valuable. Take a look at life in the beginning years of Jamestown

13.  Captain John Smith was an experienced soldier and explorer. He became the governor of Jamestown.  Pocahontas did NOT marry John Smith. She married his successor John Rolfe.

14. http://stricklandinternational.com/websites/caledoni ankitchen/real-pocahontas-and-john-smith-8012.jpg http://2.bp.blogspot.com/- Rlvuh8msy7M/TZnFbIPVl5I/AAAAAAAAAME/E1DDs8h 84iM/s1600/Pocahontas.jpg The Real Pocahontas and John Smith

15.  The marriage of Pocahontas to John Rolfe in 1614 was followed by eight years of peace between the Native Americans and the English. When the Rolfes went to England, Pocahontas was received with royal honor by King James I and Queen Anne. When Pocahontas died of smallpox in 1617, Thomas Rolfe (her son), was educated in England. Upon Thomas’s return to Virginia, he became an important settler. Today many prominent Virginians claim to be his descendents.

16.  Unlike the Jamestown settlers the next major wave of settlers came to the Americas searching for Religious Freedom.  The two major groups were the;  Puritans: They wanted to reform the Anglican Church (Church of England).  Separatists: They wanted to set up their own churches.

17.  They Mayflower’s passengers planned to settle in the Virginia colony. Instead they made land fall at Cape Cod.  Before they made landfall they all signed The Mayflower Compact which they agreed to follow all laws passed and establish a civil body politic.  Basically this is a foundation for a representative government. Where people give up some of their freedoms for the greater good.

18. Why did they come? –For religious freedom. The 3 rd English colony. Founded by English Separatists (people who refused to be apart of the Church of England), also known as “Pilgrims.” Came on the Mayflower in 1620 and landed in Massachusetts. The Pilgrims came to Plymouth in the winter. Nearly half died within the first few months due to disease and starvation. The Pawtuxet tribe taught them how to plant corn, catch fish, and make maple syrup. The Pilgrims made a peace treaty with the Wampanoag's tribe. They celebrated the harvest together in the fall. We call this Thanksgiving Day. www.newton.k12.ks.us/tech/13colonies.htm

19.  During their first winter in Cape Cod nearly ½ of the settlers died from malnutrition and exposure.  In the spring some Native Americans befriended the remaining colonists.  Squanto and Samoset, showed the Pilgrims how to grow corn, beans, and pumpkins and where to hunt and fish.  The Pilgrims also signed a treaty with Massasoit one of the major tribal leaders, and lived in harmony…

20. Disease prevalent. Harsh winters. The people were mainly farmers. They kept pigs, cattle, sheep, pigs, and chickens. The animals provided meat, eggs, milk, and wool for clothing.. The men worked in the fields all day and grew crops like corn. Women cleaned, milked cows, made soap, cooked, cared for the children and made clothes. Children helped their parents and learned to work at a very young age. http://spitballarmy.com/?p=10412

21.  In 1625 the other large group of people came seeking religious freedom, and to establish a society based on the bible.  These people were the Puritans.  John Winthrop, became the colony governor.  They settled in Boston.  During the 1630’s more than 15,000 Puritans moved to Massachusetts to escape religious persecution and hard economic times in England. This became known as the Great Migration.

22.  Some of the colonists did not like the way Winthrop was running the colony.  They moved to close areas to establish their own colonies (Connecticut and into Rhode Island.)

23.  Some people felt that their religious freedom was even challenged in America. They didn’t want a religious government, they only wanted to practice anyway that they chose to.  This allowed for more and more colonies to begin to form in North East America.

24.  With the Europeans continually increasing in numbers, and expanding their colonial presence there was also many conflicts with the Native Americans.  New colonies would move into Native land without permission or payment.  Many battles occurred between the colonists and the Indians resulting in deaths on both sides.

25.  Take out a separate piece of binder paper. Write ½ a page explaining why having freedom of religion is important.  Write another ½ a page about what happens when people try to force their own religious views on others.

26.  What similarities did you notice between and across colonies?  What are some differences?  Which colony would you want to live in? Why? http://www.sjsapush.com/ch2.php www.teacher-web.comwww.lost-colony.com Roanoke Plymouth Jamestown

27. Create a triple Venn Diagram for the 3 colonies! RoanokeJamestown Plymouth

28.  New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut  Most wanted religious freedom  Towns grew along the coast  Ship building, fishing, and small farms

29.  New Jersey, Pennsylvania, New York, Delaware  Grew a lot of food, especially wheat  Natural resources attracted many to these colonies (Pennsylvania's founder was a Quaker name William Penn)

30.  Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia  Full of plantations to grow cotton, tobacco, rice, etc.  Settlers who were not wealthy enough to own a plantation became subsistence farmers

31.  Most slaves worked and lived on Plantations. Some worked inside the house (house slaves), but most were used for physical labor.  Slaves were often whipped, or hung for breaking the established rules. Those who ran away were usually killed.  A majority of southerners did NOT own slaves.

32. Colony Settlement Reasons FoundedFounders or Leaders New England Colonies Massachusetts1620 Religious Freedom John Winthrop New Hampshire1620 Profit from trade and Fishing Ferdinando Gorges, John Mason Rhode Island1636 Religious Freedom Roger Williams Connecticut1635 Profit from fur trade, farming; religious and political freedom Thomas Hooker Middle Colonies New York1624 Expand trade Dutch Settlers Delaware1638 Expand trade Swedish Settlers New Jersey1638 Profit from selling land John Berkeley, George Carteret Pennsylvania1682 Profit from selling land; religious freedom William Penn Southern Colonies Virginia1607 Expand trade John Smith Maryland1634 To sell land; religious freedom Cecil Calvert North Carolina1660s Profit from trade and selling land Group of Eight Aristocrats South Carolina1670 Profit from trade and selling land Group of eight aristocrats Georgia1733 Religious freedom; protection against Spanish Florida; safe home for debtors.

33.  The population of the Colonies expanded greatly. From 250,000 in 1700 to 2,500,000 people in 1770.  Large influxes of immigration, as well as people having LARGE families led to this population growth.  All colonies sustained themselves through farming.

34.  The culture in the colonies began to drastically change from that in England.  A colonial farm was both a home and a workplace.  Mothers and fathers raised children,  Women  Cooked, made butter and cheese, prepared food. Make clothes, raised chickens and cows. They also worked in the fields next to their husbands.  Men  Heads of the house, managed the farms and represented the family in the community.

35.  The colonies sons and daughters often became apprentices of someone else.  They learned a trade, or became more specialized in the workforce.  Most colonists valued education. The children were usually taught to read and write at home by the parents.  New laws began to pass in some colonies that ensured there was access to public schools.  These schools were almost always ran and taught by women.  Why is it important that they went to school?