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Published byHenry Marsh Modified over 9 years ago
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Chapter 23 lesson 1 Understanding Communicable Diseases page and lesson 2 Common Communicable Diseases. Pages
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What is another word for germs? Pathogen
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What does communicable mean
What does communicable mean? A disease that is spread from one living organism to another or through the environment. Other names are contagious and infectious
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How are Viruses different from Bacteria?
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A piece of genetic material surrounded by a protein coat
Must have a host Antibiotics do not work against viruses Immune system has to destroy a virus Viruses take over other body cells by making clones of them self.
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Common cold Influenza (flu) Viral pneumonia Viral hepatitis Polio Mononucleosis Measles AIDS Viral meningitis Chicken pox Herpes Rabies West Nile Virus
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Bacteria
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Single celled microorganisms that live almost everywhere
Some are helpful, most are harmless Disease causing bacteria produce toxins. Substances that kill cells or interfere with their function Can be treated with antibiotics Food illnesses, strep throat, tuberculosis, diptheria, gonorrhea, lyme disease, bacterial pinkeye, bacterial pneumonia, bacterial meningitis
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Fungus Athletes food Ring worm Vaginal yeast infections
Plant like organisms than can cause diseases of lungs, mucous membranes, and the skin
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Protozoa Single celled microorganisms that are larger and more complex than bacteria. Malaria Sleeping Sickness
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Rickettsias Resemble bacteria Often enter body through insect bites
Typhus Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
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Vectors Organisms that carry and transmit pathogens to humans or other animals Common vectors include: flies, mosquitos, spiders, ticks
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Touching, kissing, sexual contact, biting Puncture wounds Childbirth
Direct Contact Touching, kissing, sexual contact, biting Puncture wounds Childbirth Contact with infected animals
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Indirect Contact Touching objects that have germs on them, such as a door knob, then you eat chips or rub your eyes Vectors Contaminated food or water
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Airborne Transmission
Sneezes Coughs Breathing in a closed room
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Chapter 23 Lesson 2 Common Communicable Diseases pages 633-637
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Respiratory tract passageway that makes breathing possible nose, throat, lungs common infections: colds, flu, tuberculosis, strep throat, pneumonia
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5 ways to avoid respiratory infections
Avoid close contact with sick people. Stay home if sick Wash hands often Avoid touching mouth, eyes,nose Eat right, exercise regularly Do not smoke
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Yellowing of the skin and eyes
Jaundice Yellowing of the skin and eyes
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Cirrhosis Scarring of the liver
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Single and Double Pneumonia
Single = 1 lung Double = both lungs
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Pneumonia Flu sometimes leads to pneumonia
Infection of the lungs in which air sacs fill with pus and other fluids Can be caused by bacteria or virus Can be fatal- especially for older people and people with lung or heart problems
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Common Cold Viral infection that causes inflamation of the mucous membrane, the lining of nose, ears, mouth No cure cause caused by virus Allergies have some of same symptoms, but allergies come and go and there is no fever with an allergy
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Influenza Flu Viral infection of respiratory tract
High fever, fatigue, headache, muscle ache,coughing Drink a lot of liquids, plenty of rest, good nutrition, once a year vaccine to prevent it
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Strep Throat Bacterial infection Can be treated with antibiotics
Airborn or direct contact transmission Left untreated can lead to serious damage to heart Symptoms = sore throat, swollen lymph glands in the neck, fever
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Tuberculosis--TB Disease that attacks the lungs
Spreads through the air Symptoms = fatigue, coughing, fever, weight loss, night sweats Treated with antibiotics
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Hepatitis A,B,C Attacks the liver Causes jaundice and cirrhosis
Vaccines for A and B No cure as it is caused by virus
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A Enters though digestive system. Good hand washing and clean food and water prevents
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B Spread through sexual contact or with an infected person’s blood To avoid do not share toothbrushes, razors Avoid body piercings, tattoos and illegal drugs
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C Most common blood born infection in United States Infected by contaminated blood and sexual contact, dirty needles No vaccine or cure
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Mononucleosis Virus-direct contact, kissing, sharing a drinking glass, eye make up eating utensils Symptoms = chills, fever, sore throat, fatique, swollen lymph nodes Treatment- rest
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Measles Virus- spread by coughs sneezes, talking
Symptoms = high fever, red eyes, runny nose, red bumpy rash, cough No treatment. Vaccine for prevention
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Encephalitis Virus – carried by mosquitoes
Symptoms = headache, fever, hallucinations, confusion, paralysis, disturbances of speech, memory, behavior and eye movement Treatment – anti viral medicine if caused by virus, no known treatment
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Meningitis Viral, or bacterial caused
Fever, severe headache, nausea, vomiting, sensitivity to light, stiff neck Treatments=viral meningitis (ani-tviral meds) bacterial meningitis-antibiotics. Vaccine available
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Chicken Pox Virus-spread through air or contact with fluids from blisters Symptoms=rash, itching, fever,fatigue Treatment- rest stay home so others are not infected, vaccine available
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