1. World War II: The Rise of Dictators
You need your copy of the Cornell Notes.
Analyze the cartoon to the right
What do you think the old man is talking about?
How do you think this is related to the rise of the dictators?

2. After WWI
In the two decades following World War I, a wave of economic and political crises swept the globe. While many people spent the 1920s trying to cope with the uncertainties of the postwar world, by 1929 they suddenly faced a much greater problem.
That year, the stock market in the United States crashed. Because so many war-torn nations had come to depend on financial help from America, the stock market’s collapse triggered a worldwide economic depression that left millions around the globe jobless and hungry. In response to the turmoil, some nations turned to fascist dictators, who promised order and stability. Not content to merely rule a country, however, these dictators soon looked to conquer other lands.

3. The Great Depression Worldwide Economic Depression Long-Term Effects
Nazis take control in Germany.
Fascists come to power in other countries. (Italy)
Democracies try social welfare programs. (US, Great Britain)
Japan expands in East Asia.
World War II breaks out.
America attempts neutrality.
Immediate Effects
Millions become unemployed worldwide.
Businesses go bankrupt.
Governments take emergency measures to protect economies.
Citizens lose faith in capitalism and democracy.
Nations turn toward authoritarian leaders.

4. End of WWI Treaty of Versailles and reparations
Countries had been battlegrounds
Huge inflation took place all over Europe
Lack of jobs in Italy
The Italian Depression
Italian loss of territory

5. Fascists Come to Power in Italy
Italy in a deep financial depression after WWI
Mussolini promised order and prosperity
Introduced “fascism”
Fascism: characterized by dictatorship, centralized control of private enterprise, repression of opposition, and extreme nationalism
Used “Black Shirts” to impose his rule.
Invades Ethiopia
Makes a pact with Hitler

6. The Rise of Militarism SECTION 3 Hitler’s Rise to Power in Germany
Hitler claims dictatorial powers; Hitler crushes political opposition.
Hitler is appointed chancellor of Germany
The Nazi Party wins 40% of the vote in national elections.
Hitler’s views win him many supporters.

7. Hitler and the Rise of Nazi Germany
Weimar Republic politically weak and unpopular
Huge inflation
Two revolutions against Weimar Republic. Once Hitler tried to seize power unsuccessfully. Went to jail.
Huge inflation and Great Depression
Hitler forms Nazi Party, promises reform, is elected as Chancellor in 1933
Becomes dictator by 1934

8. Hitler’s Third Reich Totalitarian State – Nazis controlled all.
Huge public works programs
Big business and labor under government control
Built up military
Set aside Versailles Treaty and moved military into the Rhineland
Indoctrinated the youth
Hitler despised Christianity and began to close churches
Jews were persecuted as enemies of the state

9. Hitler’s Aggression to 1939

10. Events of World War II Pacific Europe 1936 1937 1938 1931
Japan invades Manchuria
March 1936
Hitler marches troops into the Rhineland
1937
1937
Japan invades China
April 1937
Germany attacks Guernica, Spain
1938
March 1938
Germany invades Austria
September 1938
Germany invades the Sudetenland

11. Events of World War II Europe Pacific 1939 1940 1941 Aug. 1939
March Germany invades Czechoslovakia
Aug. 1939
Nonaggression pact between Germany and the Soviet Union
Sept. 1939
Germany invades Poland; World War II begins
1940
May 1940
Evacuation of British forces at Dunkirk
June 1940
France surrenders; the Battle of Britain begins
1941
December 1941 Japan attacks Pearl Harbor. US declares war on Japan.

12. Europe at WAR

13. The Alliance System in 1942 Allied Powers Axis Powers Great Britain
France
USSR
United States
Axis Powers
Germany
Italy
Japan
Hungary