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3. At the conclusion of this course, participants should understand the following: General design methods for masonry construction that create sustainable wall systems affecting the structural integrity and internal welfare of its inhabitants. The importance of and difference between suitable anchoring system. Proper flashing and moisture control techniques. How to address seismic and severe wind load factors in masonry wall systems.

4. Green Build “The future will be green, or not at all. This truth lies at the heart of humankind’s most pressing challenge: to learn to live in harmony with the Earth on a genuinely sustainable basis.” -Sir Jonathon Porritt

5. Masonry buildings are extremely durable. The University of Southern California is an example where measures were taken to ensure proper building practices. Masonry buildings are extremely durable. Their greatest enemies are commonplace: water and movement caused by thermal expansion. When confined water freezes, it expands with tremendous pressure, causing cracking, crazing, spalling and deterioration of masonry surfaces. Movement of wall systems results in the cracking of masonry, which then provides easy entry for moisture.

6. Building Movement Movement of wall systems results in the cracking of masonry, which then provides easy entry for moisture. Effloresence Salt and mineral deposits left behind on brick or masonry surfaces. Spalling If saturated when frozen, pressure from expanding ice can fracture brick, block, or stone.

7. Rust to Steel Components Moisture penetrating into the cavity can rust and damage steel framing components including brick anchoring systems and joint reinforcements.

8. Anchor Options Over time, ties of various sizes, configurations, and adjustability have been developed for load-bearing masonry, often of different materials; anchor masonry veneer to backing systems other than masonry; and connect composite masonry walls.

9. Anchoring Typically, wall ties perform four primary functions between a wythe of brick and its backing or another wythe of masonry. Provide a Connection

10. Anchoring Provide a connection Transfer lateral loads

11. Anchoring Provide a connection Transfer lateral loads The ability to handle differential movement or in some cases, restrict movement Air barrier interface

12. Does the anchoring system protect the integrity of the air/vapor barrier and does the air/vapor barrier seal around the anchoring system? An AIA Accredited Course

13. Multi Wythe Masonry Construction Concrete Block Back-up Drywall Construction with Metal Studs

14. Reinforcement: Truss or Ladder Truss Reinforcement Ladder Reinforcement

15. Reinforcement Finishes  Black Basic-No Coating  Mill Galvanized ASTM A641-(0.10 oz. Zinc Coating/FT ² )  Hot Dip Galvanized ASTM A153 Class B2-(1.5 oz. Zinc Coating/FT ² )  Stainless Steel Type 304 or 316 ASTM A580 Stainless Steel is Recommended for Maximum Protection Against Corrosion

16. Weights Standard 9 ga. Side Rods x 9 ga. Cross Rods Extra Heavy 3/16" Side Rods x 9 ga. Cross Rods Super Heavy Duty 3/16" Side Rods x 3/16" Cross Rods Cross Rod Side Rod

17. Adjustable Joint Reinforcement Comparison Allows In-Plane Vertical and Horizontal Movement of Masonry Wythes, While Restraining Tension and Compression. Loops Welded Shut to Maintain Allowable Tolerance and System Integrity. Vertical Configuration of Loops Not Susceptible to Clogging with Mortar as Construction Progresses. Foolproof. Mason Can Not Install Wire Tie Beyond Allowable Eccentricity. Vertical loops have 2 ¼” adjustability. Ideal for Econo or Utility Bricks. Horizontal Eyelets Easily Clogged with Mortar Often Relies on Workmanship to Assure Proper Engagement of Pintle Within Allowable Limits of Eccentricity No Horizontal Movement Eyelets NOT Welded Shut No Guarantee that Improperly Installed Pintle (Beyond Its Allowable Eccentricity) will not Separate from Reinforcement

18. The Challenge: To prevent long-term deterioration of the insulation or wall board due to moisture, while also preventing separation of the wire tie from the anchor.

19. The Solution: Specify Details Specify an anchor with rib-stiffened pronged legs and back plate to seal sheathing from air and moisture infiltration. While maintaining integrity of air barrier.

20. 100% Protection against separation of wire tie from anchor. (See ACI-530-02 Sec. 6.2.2.5.5.3) Specify: