1. The Birthplace of Three Religions

2. Father Abraham Abraham Age: 105 Sarah Age: 90 Hagar Housemaid IsaacIshmael Jews believe that Isaac was promised Zion- the holy land. Muslims believe the promised land belonged to Ishmael- Ishmael was the one to be sacrificed, not Isaac. And so the conflict begins. Arabs/Muslims Jews/Christians

3. Religious Center Three Religions: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam all began in Southwest Asia (The Middle East) Jerusalem (located in Israel) A city where Jews, Christians, Muslims have lived for centuries

4. The Basics One God –monotheism Each led by a single person Set of sacred writings Jerusalem Three Religions Believe:

5. JUDAISM

6. History Hebrews - 1st monotheists Sacred writings –The Torah – 1 st 5 –Talmud – serves as “guide”/laws and traditions. Called God “Yahweh” or “Adonai” Written:“G-D” Yahweh spoke to Abraham, “Go to Canaan” (present day Israel, the West Bank, Gaza Strip, parts of Lebanon, and Syria. ) Abraham’s descendants are Jews Interesting Facts: Noah had a son named Shem. This is where the Arabs come from. Eber was Noah’s grandson (Hebrew comes from this).

7. Map of Abraham’s Journey God told Abraham to leave Ur (South of Iraq near Basra). Abraham went to Hara (Turkey), then to Canaan. Canaan became Judea, thus Judaism.

8. A Story of Exile & Persecution Babylonians ruled Mesopotamia Babylonians (King Nebuchadnezzar) destroyed the First Temple built by Jews in Jerusalem Jews exiled to Babylon 1 st Temple built by King Solomon 586 BC:

9. Rebuilding the Temple Persians took control of Mesopotamia Jews allowed to return to Jerusalem Temple was rebuilt Second Temple 2 nd Temple in Jerusalem Built by King Herod 536 BC: 50 years later…

10. Second Temple Destroyed Jews revolted in 66AD Second Temple is destroyed by Titus (Romans) in 70 AD Romans forced the Jewish people to leave- called Jewish diaspora The Wailing Wall remains Roman Control: Diaspora- Latin for “disperse”

11. The Jewish Diaspora How can a dandelion remind us of the Jewish Diaspora? Diaspora- Jews living outside Israel ･ the dispersion of the Jews beyond Israel. ･ the dispersion of any people from their original homeland Dia- “across” disperse This is what happened to the Jewish people and explains why they are in Europe and around the world.

17. Jewish Leaders… Encouraged Jews to replace worship in the Temple with prayer, study, and good deeds. Places of Worship Jewish temple Synagogue

18. What is Zionism? Zion - the hill of Jerusalem on which the city of David was built. ･ Jerusalem. ･ (in Christian thought) The heavenly city or kingdom of heaven. ･ the Jewish people or religion. ･ the Christian Church. Zionism - the movement for the development and protection of a Jewish nation in what is now Israel.

19. 1800 Years Later… Jews lived outside of Jerusalem hoping it would once again be home of Judaism. The star is a symbol of Zion

20. Just so you know… On this land Is the temple mount. The temple mount (Jewish holy site) is where Abraham was going to sacrifice Isaac. The Jews refer to Jerusalem as Zion. The star of David is a symbol of Zion 70 AD- 1947- Arab people lived on the land (for 2,017 years). The conflict is 3,500 years old. 1947- Declaration of Independence was kept a secret.

21. The Promised Land Canaan Judea Palestine Israel 1948

22. May of 1948 The United Nations declared Israel as a state. Law of Return The 1950 Law of Return allowed anyone that was Jewish (including a spouse that was Jewish or if one was of Jewish ancestry) to immigrate to Israel and claim full citizenship. No longer Palestine…

23. Terminology & Dietary Restrictions Creation of Israel- Some Jewish people do not believe in the creation of Israel. They believe that it is God’s place to find Israel. Mizrahi- Jews living in Muslim lands Sephardim- Spanish Jews Kosher- beef, chicken, bread are kosher. Shrimp is not because by the time that got it from the sea, it was bad. Jews are instructed not to eat anything that has not been prepared in a kosher way (i.e. the animal was killed correctly (hit the main artery in the neck); the process was done the correct way. The rabbi must certify that the food does not violate kosher laws as prescribed by the Hebrew sacred texts. “No IFS, ANDS or BUTTS”- Use the front of the cow/animal Kosher salt?- I have no idea!

24. Jewish Bar/Bat Mitzvahs

25. Prayers during Rosh Hashanah Orthodox Judaism: A major branch within Judaism that teaches strict adherence to rabbinical interpretation of Jewish law and its traditional observances. Orthodox … think STRICT!

27. Newly Discovered Synagogue

29. 536 B.C.