1. Literary Terms

2. Drama / A Drama is a PLAY. / A TRAGEDY is a serious work in which the main character (tragic hero) experiences defeat / (EX: Julius Caesar) / A Drama is a PLAY. / A TRAGEDY is a serious work in which the main character (tragic hero) experiences defeat / (EX: Julius Caesar)

3. / Foreshadowing: Clues or hints about future events. / EX: When you hear intense music during a scary movie and know something bad is about to happen. / Foreshadowing: Clues or hints about future events. / EX: When you hear intense music during a scary movie and know something bad is about to happen.

4. / Soliloquy: Speech to oneself revealing innermost thoughts. / Setting: Time and place the story occurs (EX: Rome, 44BC) / Repetition: Frequent repeating of words or sounds. / Soliloquy: Speech to oneself revealing innermost thoughts. / Setting: Time and place the story occurs (EX: Rome, 44BC) / Repetition: Frequent repeating of words or sounds.

5. / Personification: Attributing human characteristics to non-human things. / EX: The sun danced across her face. / Onomatopoeia: Words look the way they sound. EX: Buzz, snap, crackle, pop. / Personification: Attributing human characteristics to non-human things. / EX: The sun danced across her face. / Onomatopoeia: Words look the way they sound. EX: Buzz, snap, crackle, pop.

6. / SIMILE: Comparison of 2 unlike things using LIKE or AS. / She is sweet as candy. / SIMILE: Comparison of 2 unlike things using LIKE or AS. / She is sweet as candy. METAPHOR: Direct comparison of 2 unlike things. -I am a pig.

7. / Aside: words are heard by the audience but not others in the play. / Act: Subdivision of a play / Scene: Acts are further subdivided into these. / Aside: words are heard by the audience but not others in the play. / Act: Subdivision of a play / Scene: Acts are further subdivided into these.

8. POETRY / Hyperbole: Extreme exaggeration / Example: I’m about to explode. / Iambic Pentameter: / IAMB: Stressed syllable followed by unstressed syllable (2 syllables-DaDUM) / PENTAMETER: 5 IAMBS on one line of poetry. / Altogether, Iambic Pentameter is 10 syllables. / DaDUMdaDUMdaDUMdaDUMdaDUM / Hyperbole: Extreme exaggeration / Example: I’m about to explode. / Iambic Pentameter: / IAMB: Stressed syllable followed by unstressed syllable (2 syllables-DaDUM) / PENTAMETER: 5 IAMBS on one line of poetry. / Altogether, Iambic Pentameter is 10 syllables. / DaDUMdaDUMdaDUMdaDUMdaDUM

9. / Free Verse: reads like a paragraph; no set line length. / Fixed Verse: Fixed line length, reads like a song. / Free Verse: reads like a paragraph; no set line length. / Fixed Verse: Fixed line length, reads like a song.

10. TYPES of Poems / Elegy: Mournful lament for the dead. / Ballad: Tells a story, has plot and characters and dialogue / Dramatic Monologue: One person’s speech to an implied audience. / Extended Metaphor: Comparison between 2 things that extends over an entire poem. / Elegy: Mournful lament for the dead. / Ballad: Tells a story, has plot and characters and dialogue / Dramatic Monologue: One person’s speech to an implied audience. / Extended Metaphor: Comparison between 2 things that extends over an entire poem.

11. Sound Devices / Alliteration: Same sounds at the beginning of words in a line of poetry. / Ex: Peter Piper Picked a Peck of Pickled Peppers. / Assonance: Same vowel sounds in the middle of words in a line. Ex: White Stripes. / Consonance: Same consonant sounds at the end of words. Ex: Stroke of luck / Alliteration: Same sounds at the beginning of words in a line of poetry. / Ex: Peter Piper Picked a Peck of Pickled Peppers. / Assonance: Same vowel sounds in the middle of words in a line. Ex: White Stripes. / Consonance: Same consonant sounds at the end of words. Ex: Stroke of luck

12. Symbolism / A person, place, or thing that stands for something else. / Ex: The American flag, a donkey stands for democrat, an elephant stands for republican, a heart stands for love, etc. / A person, place, or thing that stands for something else. / Ex: The American flag, a donkey stands for democrat, an elephant stands for republican, a heart stands for love, etc.

13. FICTION: FALSE! / Internal Conflict: Character struggles within himself. / External Conflict: Character struggles with outside forces. / Internal Conflict: Character struggles within himself. / External Conflict: Character struggles with outside forces.

14. Types of Conflict (Examples) / Character vs. Character: 2 people fighting / Character vs. Self: Making a tough decision / Character vs. Society: Peer pressure / Character vs. Nature: Getting swept up by a tornado. / Character vs. Character: 2 people fighting / Character vs. Self: Making a tough decision / Character vs. Society: Peer pressure / Character vs. Nature: Getting swept up by a tornado.

15. IRONY / Dramatic Irony: When we know something that the character doesn’t know. EX: We knew the conspirators were going to kill Caesar, but he didn’t know. / Verbal Irony: When the character says one thing but means another. / Situational Irony: When we expect one thing but something else happens. EX: Elie didn’t expect the hospital patients to be liberated. / Dramatic Irony: When we know something that the character doesn’t know. EX: We knew the conspirators were going to kill Caesar, but he didn’t know. / Verbal Irony: When the character says one thing but means another. / Situational Irony: When we expect one thing but something else happens. EX: Elie didn’t expect the hospital patients to be liberated.

16. PLOT / Exposition: Intro info / Rising Action / Climax: TURNING POINT IN THE STORY / Falling Action / Resolution: Conclusion / Exposition: Intro info / Rising Action / Climax: TURNING POINT IN THE STORY / Falling Action / Resolution: Conclusion

17. / Static Character: STAYS THE SAME throughout the story (Ex: Cassius) / Dynamic Character: CHANGES AS A RESULT of the story (Ex: Brutus) / Static Character: STAYS THE SAME throughout the story (Ex: Cassius) / Dynamic Character: CHANGES AS A RESULT of the story (Ex: Brutus)

18. / Protagonist: Main Character in the story / Antagonist: Anyone/thing that opposes the protagonist. / Protagonist: Main Character in the story / Antagonist: Anyone/thing that opposes the protagonist.

19. POINT OF VIEW / Objective: Narrator tells only facts / Subjective: Narrator is biased, tells the story with emotion and opinions. / 1st person: Narrator is IN the action (uses I, we, me) / 3rd limited: Narrator is outside of the action and only follows ONE character. (he, she, they) / 3rd omniscient: Narrator is outside of the action and knows ALL about every character. / Objective: Narrator tells only facts / Subjective: Narrator is biased, tells the story with emotion and opinions. / 1st person: Narrator is IN the action (uses I, we, me) / 3rd limited: Narrator is outside of the action and only follows ONE character. (he, she, they) / 3rd omniscient: Narrator is outside of the action and knows ALL about every character.

20. / Allusion: Reference to something famous (bible, place, person, etc.) / Theme: Lesson/message that they story is centered around / Tone: Way the AUTHOR FEELS about his subject. / Mood: Way the author makes the READER feel. / Allusion: Reference to something famous (bible, place, person, etc.) / Theme: Lesson/message that they story is centered around / Tone: Way the AUTHOR FEELS about his subject. / Mood: Way the author makes the READER feel.

21. Writing / Claim: Thesis / Evidence: REASONS / Warrant: WHY your evidence/reasons are RELEVANT or important. / Counterclaim: Someone else’s argument against you. / Rebuttal: Your proof/final argument that proves the other person wrong. / Claim: Thesis / Evidence: REASONS / Warrant: WHY your evidence/reasons are RELEVANT or important. / Counterclaim: Someone else’s argument against you. / Rebuttal: Your proof/final argument that proves the other person wrong.

22. Nonfiction: REAL! / Biography: an account of someone’s life written by someone else / Autobiography: an account of a person’s life written by that person / Memoir: an autobiography written about a certain event or MEMORY. / Vignette: a short excerpt or episode (a series is put together to form a story). / Biography: an account of someone’s life written by someone else / Autobiography: an account of a person’s life written by that person / Memoir: an autobiography written about a certain event or MEMORY. / Vignette: a short excerpt or episode (a series is put together to form a story).