1. TOPIC: Energy AIM: Describe the various sources of energy that exist on Earth. Do Now: 1. Take out your KE and PE notes. 2. Take out your numbers. HW: Page 2 in KE/PE notes packet #’s 1 – 10 on the bottom off paper.

2. Gravitational PE PE that depends on height More height  greater GPE Less height  less GPE

3. Energy appears in many forms. Which form of energy is lightening? 1.Magnetic 2.Mechanical 3.sound 4.Electrical

4. A family is moving from Pennsylvania to Connecticut. As the moving van burns gasoline, it converts 1.chemical energy into mechanical energy 2.kinetic energy into potential energy 3.thermal energy into electrical energy 4.mechanical energy into kinetic energy

5. When an electric current flows through a metal filament of a light bulb, the electrical energy is converted into 1.heat energy, only 2.heat and light energy 3.light and motion energy 4.light energy only

6. Which energy source was developed through the invention of the atomic bomb? 1.Nuclear 2.Geothermal 3.Solar 4.Hydropower

7. An unlit match contains 1.Thermal energy 2.Electrical energy 3.Chemical energy 4.Nuclear energy

8. Which device produces mechanical energy? 1.A battery 2.A light bulb 3.An electric motor 4.A solar cooker

9. A high diver steps off a diving platform that is 10m above the water. If no air resistance is present, during the fall there will be a decrease in the diver’s 1.potential energy 2.total mechanical energy 3.kinetic energy 4.momentum

10. Which of the following is an example of kinetic energy? 1.A car not moving 2.Water falling off a dam 3.A rock resting on a ledge 4.A person sitting in a chair

11. Which of the following increases when a metal spring is stretched horizontally? 1.Potential energy 2.Kinetic energy 3.Electrical energy 4.Chemical energy

12. What happens to the kinetic energy and potential energy of a ball during free fall? 1.PE and KE both increase. 2.PE and KE both decrease. 3.PE decreases and KE increases. 4.PE increases and KE decreases.

13. 1. Describe the difference between renewable and nonrenewable resources. Nonrenewable: –Once it is used up, it cannot be made again –Not as clean Renewable: –Constantly available –Cleaner form of energy

14. 2. Describe how fossil fuels were produced. Formed more than 400 million years ago during the Carboniferous Period (before dinosaurs) Made up of plant and animal matter

16. 3. Identify the 3 types of fossil fuels. Oil: –Thick, black gooey liquid –Called PETROULEUM(highly flammable)

18. Used to produce: –Lubricants (grease, motor oil)

19. - Plastics - Synthetic fibers - Asphalt

20. Natural Gas: –Made out of methane –Burned to provide energy for cooking, heating…

22. Burns more cleanly than other fossil fuels

23. Coal –Different forms from hard, black rocks to soft, brown dirt

24. Creates more than half of electricity in the US

25. Creates more pollution

26. DISADVANTAGE of Burning Fossil Fuels????? –Release carbon dioxide (global warming) –Pollution (acid rain, smog)

27. Solar energy: uses energy from the sun http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x4CTceusK9I

30. Disadvantage: –very expensive

31. Wind: - moves turbines to produce electricity

32. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tsZITSeQFR0

33. Advantages: –No pollution –Low costs

34. Disadvantage –No wind  no energy

35. Geothermal energy: Heat from earth’s interior (magma) used to generate electricity http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-ajqiPe_9Ko

36. Disadvantages: Could run out of water if too much is removed too quickly Difficult to tell where geothermal reservoirs are Water could contain minerals that are corrosive

37. Hydropower: electricity produced from energy of moving water http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fvYaCtjpMvk

41. Biomass: Energy from byproducts of human activity Example: wood, garbage, crops http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sN68ef6trEs

42. Disadvantages: Pollution Building power plants  disrupts ecosystems Expensive

43. Biogas is one of the most popular sources of renewable energy. It is a good resource to make farms be independent as biogas can be used for electricity generation. Compressed biogas can also be used as an alternative vehicle fuel. It is a colorless, odorless, inflammable gas. Biogas is produced when organic matter is broken down by anaerobic bacteria. Bio energy is a major player in sustainable living in countries like India and China where individual biogas generators have been developed in villages to make them self- sufficient in terms of power generation.

45. Ethanol = clear, colorless alcohol fuel made from the sugars found in grains, such as corn & wheat, and potato skins & rice. It is renewable because it is made from plants. To make ethanol we use yeast to ferment the sugars and starch in corn. Corn is the main ingredient for ethanol in the US due to its abundance and low price. The starch is fermented into sugar  fermented into alcohol. Other crops such as, barley, wheat, rice, sorghum, sunflower, potatoes, sugar cane and sugar beets can also be used to produce ethanol.

46. Nuclear Energy: –found in the nuclei of atoms

48. Let’s summarize… 1.Describe the difference between renewable and nonrenewable resources. 2.Identify three nonrenewable resources. 3.Describe the disadvantages of using fossil fuels. 4.Identify some renewable resources.