1. IGCSE Business Studies
2.3.1 The methods of recruiting and selecting workers

2. Learning Outcomes
The main stages in recruitment and selection of staff
Difference between internal and external recruitment
To be able to recommend and justify which employees should be appointed
Benefits and Limitations of part-time and full-time workers

3. Today’s lesson is sponsored by…..

4. Why is recruitment important?
The success of a firm depends to a great extent on the people it employs
Labour is usually the single biggest cost a firm has
The recruitment process is time consuming and can be expensive
It is therefore essential that the firm recruits the right people
When do firms need to recruit new workers?

5. Why do firms recruit? 2 minutes - Discuss
Expansion – more workers required.
Change – new workers are required with different skills
Replacing workers who have been promoted
Replacing workers who have left the organisation
2 minutes - Discuss
Why might workers leave an organisation?

6. Why do workers leave? Retirement Move area Better pay
Better job security
Promotion in another firm
dismissal

7. The process of hiring new workers
The process of hiring new workers is called….
Recruitment and Selection
Whiteboard Task:
In pairs write a chronological list of the steps that you think this process will include

8. Task Put these stages of the recruitment into the right order.
Shortlist
applicants
Advertise the
job
Draw up Person
specification
Decision that
new staff are needed
Offer the job
Read
applications
Interviews
Draw up Job
Description

9. The full recruitment process
Job
analysis 
Job
description 
Person
specification 
Job
advertisement 
Interview
(& test) 
CV or
application
form 
Re-advertise?
Selection 
Check
references 
Employment
Contract 

10. The Job Analysis Process

11. Job Analysis The process of scrutinising the job and verifying:
The roles and responsibilities of the job
The skills, qualifications and attributes needed
The rewards needed to attract the right candidates
From this analysis the job description and person specification are drawn up

12. Job Descriptions
Job descriptions are a document that is drawn up to include details about a job
What details might be included?
Working hours
Pay
Line Manager
Duties

13. A job description might look like this……
Innocent Ltd
Job title: Cow van mechanic
Department: Operations
Hours of work: 40 hours per week
Salary: £12,000 – £16,000
Duties & responsibilities:
Fix mechanical problems with the ‘cow’ vans.
2. Service, maintain and clean the vans regularly.
3. Keep records logging all problems and fixes to the vans.
Below is the job description for the Product Developer vacancy for Innocent.
Your responsibilities will include:
Keeping abreast of food and health related trends that will influence the development of new products/ranges.
Responsibility for the interpretation of product briefs and creating amazing and original new recipes for Innocent.
Keeping abreast of the competitive context of our drinks from a product and labelling point of view.
Managing the NPD process from concept to 1st production, including supplier management and ingredient choice.
Working with our fruit growers and processors to ensure best variety and format for our drinks.
To find out more about Innocent and their current vacancies visit:
Photo: © Innocent Ltd

14. Person Specifications
Writing a person specification involves looking at the job description and then thinking about the characteristics needed of the person to do the job
This could include:
qualifications (necessary and desirable)
experience (what jobs they should have done before)
skills (teamwork, good organization, typing, etc.)
attributes (personal qualities and characteristics).
Photo: © 2007 Jupiterimages Corporation

15. Task Watch the video Starbucks video……
Write a job description/person specification for a Starbucks Barista using the templates provided.
If there is any information that you are not sure of, then make it up! But……
BE REALISTIC

16. Attracting the right Candidates

17. Example Job Adverts

18. What is included in a job advert?
A job advert usually summarises the details included in the job description and the person specification:
the name of the business or organization
job title and (sometimes) salary
a description of what the job involves
how to apply.

19. Job adverts should be:
Truthful
Relevant
Accurate
Positive
Short

20. Homework Task Create a Job advert for a Starbucks Barista
The advert should be approximately ¼ of A4 size
Think carefully about the format and the wording you use
There will be a house point and some chocolate for the most realistic adverts

21. Advertising the vacancy
The firm now has to decide where to advertise the job
This will depend on whether they are going to recruit internally or externally
Where might they advertise?

22. The application Process

23. The Application Process
What do businesses usually ask candidates to do if they want to apply for a position?

24. Applications are normally made by a combination of:
Application Form
Curriculum Vitae
Covering Letter
What would be the benefits of using an application form rather than CV?

25. Task Look at the Starbucks application form
Why do you think they have chosen an application form rather than a CV?
Why have they asked these particular questions?
Can you suggest any questions they could add to make their form better?
NOW – Fill in the application form

26. The Selection Process

27. The selection process includes:
Shortlisting
Interviews
Testing

28. Short listing
The HR manager will sieve through all the resumes and forms and pick out suitable candidates.
They will create a short-list of people from all the applicants.
This short-listing process will involve comparing the CV’s of the applicants to the job description.
From there, you select people to interview.

29. Interviews Why are interviews important? Telephone Skype Face to Face
Panel
Why are interviews important?

30. The purpose of Interviews:
To find out more information about the candidate
To see if the candidate will fit in with the company culture
To assess if the candidate has the personal qualities needed to do the job

31. Good Interviews: All candidates are asked the same core questions
Additional questions maybe added to query details on the application
Ask behavioural and situational based questions

32. Some typical interview questions for a teaching job…..
Why have you applied for the job?
What can you offer the school?
Give an example of a successful lesson that you have taught
Where do you see yourself in 5 years time?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
What would you do if……..?

33. Things Interviewers are looking for?
Physical appearance
Attainments
Intelligence
Skills
Interests
Temperament and disposition
Motivation
Circumstances
What are the limitations of the interview process?

34. Task – In pairs
Write a list of 6 questions that Starbucks might use in an interview for baristas
Add them to the google doc

35. Task
Two of the group will take the positions of HR managers for Starbucks
You will need to prepare 6 questions to ask the applicants
The other applicants will apply for a job
Who will be shortlisted? Who will impress at Interview?

36. Other possible stages of the recruitment process
How else might businesses assess whether a person will be very good at a job?

37. Other tests Psychometric Tests Aptitude tests Intelligence tests
Presentations
Group activities
Work Related Tasks
These might be done at an Assessment Centre
Watch the EU assessment centre video to see how these things roll!
Why might businesses choose to run an assessment centre rather than just do interviews?

38. References These are 2 referees who can vouch for the candidate.
A final security check
Can be written or verbal
Why might a previous employer give a good reference to an unsuitable candidate?

39. Selecting and appointing the candidate
After the interview process, each candidate is reviewed and the business selects and appoints the most suitable person.
This can involve a lot of discussion if there have been several people involved in the recruitment process
Successful and unsuccessful candidates will be informed of the decision
Photo: © 2007 Jupiterimages Corporation

40. Contract of Employment
Job title
Job role
Date of commencement (and sometimes end date)
Hours and days of work
Rate and method of pay
Holiday and sick pay entitlements
Pension plan details
Disciplinary procedures
Notice period
Names and signature of employer and employee

41. Recruitment Task

42. Trainee Journalist Needed
Trainee journalist wanted immediately for local weekly newspaper. The ideal candidate for the job will have a minimum of 5 GCSE’s or equivalent, including English, and must be able to demonstrate a good knowledge of current affairs as well as a keen interest in sport. Hands-on experience of computers is essential and an understanding of desk-top publishing systems would be an advantage.
If you have the ability to work on your own and as a member of a team we would like to hear from you. In return we offer a two year training scheme leading to a nationally qualified qualification.
Call for an application form
The following advert appeared in a local newspaper. Is this a good job advert? Why?

43. JD or PS?
Which of the following would appear on the job description and which would appear on the person specification?
a. job title b. qualifications c. skills
salary e. working hours f. personal qualities
Name two advantage of issuing an application form rather than asking for CV’s?

44. Who should get the job? And Why???????

45. Paula John Omar Age 31 Divorced 2 children age 3 and 5
Married
One daughter age 17
5 O levels in English, Art, French, German and Maths
Seven years experience as a secretary
Certificates in shorthand and typing
Five short stories published in magazines
Aged 18
Unmarried
No children
5 GCSE’s including English
A levels in English and Business Studies
Experience of Windows XP
Edited school magazine
Selected for trial with county cricket team
Age 31
Divorced
2 children age 3 and 5
Eight GCSE’s including English
City and Guilds certificate in Media Techniques
Worked for charities for 10 years
Articles published in African newspapers

46. Internal and External recruitment
What is the difference?
Internal and External recruitment

47. Internal Recruitment
This refers to the filling of job vacancies from within the business - where existing employees are selected rather than employing someone from outside.

48. How would a business go about advertising a vacancy internally?
Methods of internal recruitment
Intranets
Staff meetings
In house magazines and newsletters
Staff notice boards
notifications

49. What are the advantages and disadvantages of recruiting internally?

50. Internal Recruitment Advantages Disadvantages 1. 1. 2. 2. 3. 3. 4. 4.
Gives existing employees greater opportunity to be promoted 1.
Not as many people apply 1. 2.
External candidates might be better suited / qualified for the job
May help to retain (keep) staff who might otherwise leave 2. 3.
Another vacancy will be created that has to be filled 3.
Requires a short induction training period 4.
Internal Politics 4.
Employer should know more about the internal candidate's abilities 5.
Dead Wood 5.
Usually quicker and less expensive than recruiting from outside

51. External Recruitment
This refers to the filling of job vacancies from outside the business.

52. How would a business go about recruiting externally?
Methods of external recruitment
Headhunters
Advertising
Personal Recommendation
Employment/ Recruitment agencies
Job centres
Milk Round

53. External Recruitment Advantages Disadvantages 1. 1. 2. 2. 3. 3. 4.
Fresh Ideas 1.
Time Consuming 1. 2.
Expensive
Wider Experiences 2. 3.
Larger degree of uncertainty 3.
Larger Pool of candidates 4.
Longer transition period into the role

54. Part time vs full time workers

55. Key Point….
In Europe there is a part time working directive
This states that…
Part time workers must receive comparable treatment to full-time staff It aims to eliminate obstacles to part-time working and recommends employers to adopt certain measures so as to take account of employees' preferences as regards flexible working arrangements.

56. Full-time workers What is considered to be full- time?
What are the advantages of hiring full time workers?
What are the disadvantages of hirning full-time workers

57. Part time workers What is considered to be part- time?
Who are part-time workers likely to be?
Why might more people want to work part-time now than in the past?
What are the advantages of hiring part time workers?
What are the disadvantages of hiring part-time workers

58. What is this cartoon implying?